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How to motivate less productive people at work for improved Performance

How to motivate less productive people at work for improved Performance. Presented By T.M.Jayasekera, B.Sc.Eng.,MBA,FIM C.Eng.,MICE,FIE,FCIWEM(Lond.) Management Specialist . WHAT IS SUCCESS.

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How to motivate less productive people at work for improved Performance

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  1. How to motivate less productive people at work for improved Performance Presented By T.M.Jayasekera, B.Sc.Eng.,MBA,FIM C.Eng.,MICE,FIE,FCIWEM(Lond.) Management Specialist

  2. WHAT IS SUCCESS • SUCCESS OF ORGANIZATIONS DEPENDS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PEOPLE, WHICH IS ALSO THE SUCCESS OF PEOPLE. • THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PEOPLE IS DEPENDENT ON THE WAY THEY ACT AND BEHAVE, • IN OTHER WORDS, HOW EVERYONE PERFORM IN THEIR AREAS OF ACTIVITY

  3. MOTIVATING YOUR PEOPLE Motivating workers involve inspiring them to contribute to the goals of the organization It is up to the Manager to select a specific approach to motivate the workforce and then decide how best to apply it How a manager goes about this will depend to some extent on what he believes people want from their work The key is then to establish what motivates people THERE IS NO SIMPLE ANSWER TO THIS

  4. The common mistakes managers make • 1. Selecting the wrong approach • 2.Wrong application of the selected approach • 3. Incorrect belief in what people really want THIS IS WHY WE FIND IT DIFFICULT TO MOTIVATE PEOPLE

  5. Selecting wrong approach is mainly due to wrong assumptions SATISFACTION PERFORMANCE It is about attitudes and feelings and individual may have about his job

  6. THREE MAJOR FACTORS THAT PROVIDE MOTIVATION TO WORK –The three orientations • This is the truth! • Motivation to work is dependent on • 1.ECONOMIC REWARDS –Pay, fringe benefits, material goods and security- Instrumental orientation -concerned with other things • 2.INTRINSIC SATISFACTION- Nature of work itself, interest in the job, personal growth and development – Personal orientation – concerned with oneself • 3.SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS-friendships, group working, desire for affiliation, status and dependency –Relational orientation – concerned with other people

  7. MANAGER’S RESPONSIBILITY • As a Manager you are responsible for getting work done from others efficiently and effectively • If you cannot fulfill this responsibility then you will be identified as a failure • REMEMBER!YOU CANNOT FULFILL THIS RESPONSIBILITY, UNTIL YOU UNDERSTAND WHAT MOTIVATES BOTH YOU AND THEM

  8. MOTIVATION IS EVERYBODY’S PROBLEM • CONSIDER THESE SITUATIONS • 1.Your employee just won’t meet the required deadlines • 2.Your younger children continually shirk their chores, or your teenager won’t do the assigned homework • 3.As the leader of a group you need to get the things rolling for a fund raiser • 4.Your superiors are always on your tail- and you need to motivate them to get off • 5.You are a salesman and you want to motivate your clients to buy • 6.You are a teacher and would like to motivate your students to do better

  9. THIS IS ONLY THE BEGINNING • FROM THE TIME WE GET UP IN THE MORNING TO THE TIME WE GO TO BED IN THE NIGHT WE RUN IN TO DOZENS OF SITUATIONS WHERE WE NEED TO MOTIVATE OTHERS • ARE YOU FRUSTRATED IN YOUR EFFORTS?

  10. IS THIS THE SET OF IMPLICIT EXPECTATIONS • 1 TO WORK DILIGENTLYTO ACHIEVE ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS AND TO ACCEPT THE IDEOLOGY OF THE ORGANIZATION • 2 INVOLVEMENT, COMMITMENT AND INITIATIVE • 3 TO PERFORM THE TASKS EFFICIENTLY AND EFFECTIVELY • 4 TO ACCEPT AUTHORITY AND ASSUME RESPONSIBILITY • 5 TO ACHIEVE INTEGRATION AND COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES

  11. IS THIS THE SET OF IMPLICIT EXPECTATIONS • 6 REQUIRING ADHERENCE TO POLICIES RULES AND PROCEDURES • 7 ATTAINING RESPONSIVENESS TO LEADERSHIP AND INFLUENCE • 8 TO SHOW LOYALTY TO THE ORGANIZATION • 8.NOT TO BETRAY POSITIONS OF TRUST AND NOT TO ABUSE THE GOODWILL SHOWN BY MANAGEMEN • 10 TO UPHOLD THE IMAGE OF THE ORGANIZATION

  12. THIS IS WHAT THE WORKERS HAVE BEEN LOOKING FOR • FROM MANAGEMENT, • 1 TO PROVIDE SAFE AND HYGENIC WORK CONDITIONS • 2 TOMAKE EVERY REASONABLE EFFORT TO PROVIDE JOB SECURITY • 3 ATTEMPT TO PROVIDE CHALLENGING AND SATISFYING JOBS AND REDUCE ALIENATING ASPECTS OF WORK • 4 ADOPT EQUITABLE PERSONAL POLICIES AND PROCEDURES • 5 ALLOW STAFF TO GENUINELY PARTICIPATE IN DECISIONS WHICH AFFECT THEM

  13. THIS IS WHAT THE WORKERS HAVE BEEN LOOKING FOR • 6 TO PROVIDE REASONABLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CAREER PROGRESSION • 7 TO TREAT MEMBERS OF STAFF WITH RESPECT • 8 DEMONSTRATE AN UNDERSTANDING AND CONSIDERATE ATTITUDE TOWARDS PERSONAL PROBLEMS OF STAFF

  14. THERE APPEARS TO BE A MISMATCHBETWEEN THE EXPECTATIONS OF THE PEOPLE AND THAT OF THE ORGANIZATION

  15. HAVE YOU BEEN ABLE TO GIVE THIS TO THEM • THAT IS WHY THE SITUATION IS LIKE THIS • IT IS VERY UNLIKELY THAT EXPECTATIONS OF INDIVIDUALS OR ORGANIZATIONS ARE MET FULLY • THERE IS APPEARS TO HAVE NO BALANCE • HAVE YOU REALLY (EVER!)LISTENED TO THEM?

  16. PEOPLE AND ORGANIZATIONS NEED EACH OTHER • The psychological contract involves a series of expectations between people and organizations • Even though they are not defined formally and they may not be consciously aware of them; still they affect the relationship between them • Therefore attention should be focused on improving the people- organization relationship

  17. A WAY OUT ORGANIZATIONAL NEEDS High productivity Low absenteeism Cooperation Industrial Harmony Constructive disagreements Low labour turnover INDIVIDUAL NEEDS Physical well being Job satisfaction Personal development Achievement Respect from work group and the org. If these needs are met Contended productive workforce

  18. EARLY DEVELOPMENTS IN THE AREA OF MOTIVATION?

  19. Development of thinking on motivation • 1. Early days- Doing a Job is a matter of life and death – survival instinct as a powerful motivator • 2. Industrial Revolution-Healthy and contented work force –positively inclined towards the organization and happy to work for it – organization as a family and paternalistic approaches- • 3.Cruder view of Compulsion as a motivator- People are rational creatures whose sole motivation is economic and the desire to avoid pain and find pleasure through financial gain was the only way of motivation • Therefore people will only work if the reward is big enough or the punishment for failure is sufficiently unpleasant

  20. Development of thinking on motivation • 4. Scientific Management – through combination of fear and reward • 5. Human Relations approach – through social interaction • 6. Modern approaches – cause and effect approaches

  21. WHAT IS MEANT BY MOTIVATION • IT IS ANY INFLUENCE THAT BRINGS OUTDIRECTS OR MAINTAIN PEOPLE’S GOAL DIRECTED BEHAVIOUR

  22. PROCESS OF MOTIVATION • Motivation is a management process of influencing people’s behaviour based on the knowledge of what makes people tick • Motivation deals with a range of conscious human behaviour between the two extremes reflex actionsSuch as sneeze or flutter of eyelids and learned habits such as your handwriting style or brushing of your teeth

  23. WHAT IS MEANT BY MOTIVATION • It is a human psychological characteristic that contributes to a person’s degree of commitment • It includes factors that cause, channel and sustain human behaviour in a particular committed direction

  24. Basic assumptions in MOTIVATION • 1. Motivation is commonly assumed to be a good thing • 2.Motivation is one of the several factors that goes in to a person’s performance • 3.Motivation is in short supply and in need of periodic replenishment • 4.It is a tool with which managers can arrange job relationships

  25. Everybody is engaged in motivation • In this world ,every one needs to motivate others and we all do it whether we realize it or not • Babies motivate parents - How? • Parents motivate children -To work hard & learn - How? • Managers motivate their subordinates - To get goals achieved - How? • So- motivation is natural !

  26. Motivation is natural • In this world ,every one needs to motivate others and we all do it whether we realize it or not • Babies motivate parents - By crying • Parents motivate children -To work hard & learn - Carrot and stick • We motivate our subordinates - To get goals achieved - by threats andPunishments • So- motivation is natural

  27. Rewards of motivation is natural too • Babies love their mothers. They their mothers • Children love their parents. They like their parents • Workers! Do they love their Managers ? Do they like their Managers ? • THIS IS THE MILLION DOLLAR QUESTION?

  28. What successful Managers do • Take a minute to think of the most successful manager that you know of • Does he or she motivate their staff • I would be most surprised if they didn’t • How do they motivate their staff

  29. This is how they perform • 1. Enthusiastic 7. Encourage others • 2.Communicate effectively 8. Ask for suggestions • 3.Listen to others 9. Cooperative • 4. Willing to help 10.Dead on target • 5. Committed • 6. Positive • These are the secrets of successful motivation

  30. What unsuccessful Managers do • Take a minute to think of an unsuccessful manager you know of • How do they behave • Does he or she get things done from people • What can we learn from his behaviours

  31. This is how they perform • 1.No cooperation 6. Miss deadlines • 2. Do not delegate 7. Complain • 3.Tardiness ,absence 8. Not measuring up to std. • 4. Not committed 9. Blame others • 5. Fault finders 10. Negligence • These are the reasons for failure

  32. The people who Motivate can be of different types • Great motivators can have quite different personalities .They had special skills -learned or acquired • e.g. • Mahatma Gandhi-led the movement for independence in a non violent manner • Field Marshall Montgomery -was a great military leader who motivated his troops to fight Both have learned the secrets of successful motivation

  33. How to be a successful Manager • As a manager you will have to achieve results • A manager is judged by results or accomplishments • Results are normally achieved through people • It has been proved that motivated people achieve better results more quickly • So motivation of staff is in the manager’s own interests and is also in the manager’s hands • A successful manager always motivates staff

  34. THE PROCESS OF MOTIVATION DESIRED GOALS NEEDS OR EXPECTATIONS DRIVES BARRIER PROBLEM SOLVING Constructive Behaviour Destructive Behaviour RESTRUCTURING (Alternative Goal ) FRUSTRATION AGGRESSION WITHDRAWAL REGRESSION FIXATION

  35. FACTORS INFLUENCING FRUSTRATION • THE FACTORS THAT DETERMINE AN INDIVIDUAL’S REACTION TO FRUSTRATION ARE The level of need The degree of attachment to the desired goal Strength of motivation Perceived nature of the barrier or blocking agent Personality characteristics of the individual

  36. HOW TO REDUCE POTENTIAL FRUSTRATION • THE MANAGERS CAN REDUCE FRUSTRATION THROUGH RECOGNITION AND REWARDS EQUITABLE PERSONNEL POLICIES EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION PARTICIPATIVE STYLES OF MANAGEMENT JOB DESIGN AND WORK ORGANIZATION EFFECTIVE RECRUITMENT SELECTION AND TRAINING

  37. The role of needs in Motivation Success with goal directed behaviour Tension Relieved Individual will Search for ways to relieve tension Choose and engage goal directed behaviour Deficiency in needs satisfaction creates tension Lack of success with Goal directed behaviour Deficiency in needs satisfaction still exists

  38. Need hierarchy FULFILLMENT OFF THE JOB FULFILLMENT ON THE JOB Education, religion Hobbies, Personal Growth Opportunities for training Advancement, Growth and Creativity SELF ACTUALIZATION NEEDS Approval of family Friends , community Recognition, High Status , increased job responsibilities ESTEEM NEEDS Family Friends. Community, Groups Work groups clients coworkers supervisors SOCIAL NEEDS Safe work fringe benefits, job security Freedom from war,pollution, violence SAFETY/SECURITY NEEDS Base salary, air, Food water sex PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS

  39. SOME TIPS FOR MOTIVATORS • 1 When people feel good about themselves it is easier for them to be motivated because they have high self esteem & they are not worried about how they relate to the world & they are not worried about what others are thinking about them

  40. SOME TIPS FOR MOTIVATORS • 2 In conversation give your undivided attention • 3 When you give out responsibility let them do it their way • 4 Involve workers in resolving conflicts with co workers • 5 Learn to express your feelings honestly

  41. SOME TIPS FOR MOTIVATORS • 6 Admit when you make a mistake • 7 Let every worker express himself creatively within the parameters allowed by his job • 8 Look at the good in what the person is doing ,not just the bad • 9 Avoid put-downs • 10 Show your workers that you trust them • 11 Be fair

  42. SOME TIPS FOR MOTIVATORS • 12 Separate the worker from his acts - • 13When there is a problem let the worker know that you displeased with the act & not with him as a person • 14Share the power of decision making

  43. SOME TIPS FOR MOTIVATORS • 15Don’t require more of the worker than he is able to do • 16Avoid favoritism • 17Be kind & considerate

  44. TEN COMMANDMENTS OF MOTIVATIONAL FAILURE • 1 Reward the boss & his cronies for successes brought about by their subordinates in the company • 2 Try to be all things to all people at all times • 3 Stress activity over results • 4 Discourage creative thinking • 5 Trying something else when every thing is going well

  45. TEN COMMANDMENTS OF MOTIVATIONAL FAILURE • 6 Keeping very tight control over mundane acts • 7 Creating a complex organizational structure • 8 Having little or no contact with the customers • 9 Emphasizing productivity through programmes & systems & things rather than through people • 10 Making the workforce bigger & bigger

  46. THE END THANK YOU VERY MUCH ! T.M.Jayasekera

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