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Introduction to Databases

Introduction to Databases. Saima Zareen Assistant Professor , Software Engineering Department UET Taxila. Outline. What is a database? Organization of database Database Management System (DBMS) Why database is required ? Types of DBMS Summary References. What is a Database?.

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Introduction to Databases

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  1. Introduction to Databases SaimaZareen Assistant Professor, Software Engineering Department UET Taxila

  2. Outline • What is a database? • Organization of database • Database Management System (DBMS) • Why database is required? • Types of DBMS • Summary • References

  3. What is a Database? • “a structured set of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways” Oxford English Dictionary • “A collection of data arranged for ease and speed of search and retrieval” Dictionary.com

  4. What is Database? contd.. • A collection of related data or facts arranged in a specific structure . Attendance Record of Students

  5. Organization of databases • A database contains a set of tables • A table contains a set of rows/ records • Each row/records represents a set of related data items • Each data item belongs to a column row Column

  6. Organization of databases contd.. • Primary key • Every table has unique identifier, that identifier is known as primary key. • This primary key is used in other tables for linking information between tables. Primary Key

  7. Database Management System • DBMS is a software tool that allows people to, Store data, access data, process data into useful information . • Case study • Youtube • Approximately 145 million videos • 65,000 videos being uploaded every day • 100 million videos are viewed daily • On top of this, there is all of the comment data, user profile data, etc. (Wikipedia) • This business could not exist without large scale management of data and inexpensive data storage

  8. Video table Cross reference / linking Uploaders table

  9. Finding the top videos on YouTube • Let’s say you want a list of the top 10 most popular videos on YouTube, manually. • You would need to have all 145 million videos printed out, along with the number of views. • Assume one person could maybe look through 8,000 videos in a day and find the most viewed ones in their list • How would you do this?

  10. Why database is required • Helps in managing with large amount of information. • Helps in storing some information • Helps in searching some information • Helps in data analysis. • Helps in decision making.

  11. Types of database management systems • Databases for individuals • Personal address books • Personal Digital Assistant PDA • Databases in business/ Enterprise databases/ Softwares • Accounting and bookkeeping information • Customer information • Order fulfillment • Sales • Payroll • Databases on internet • Scientific research databases. • Online dictionaries.

  12. State the type of DBMS for following applications • Stock management system • NADRA • Library information system • Google • Contacts list in a mobile • Youtube • Departmental Store Management system • Amazon

  13. Summary • Database is a collection of related information. • Database is stored in tabular form. • We use database management systems for maintaining our databases . • Databases are important as they help in searching, analysis and decision making. • There are different types of DBMS that serve different types of users and organizations.

  14. References • Introduction to computers by Peter Norton. • http://www.personal.psu.edu/glh10/ist110/topic/topic07/toc.html#7 • www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmps010/Spring11

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