Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys Data dissemination and further analysis workshop

1. Multiple Indicator Cluster SurveysData dissemination and further analysis workshop HIV/AIDS, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, and ORPHANS MICS4 Data dissemination and Further Analysis

2. What we know • HIV/AIDS prevalence among adults age 15-49 highest in Southern Africa (10-20+ per cent) • An estimated 34 million [31.6 million–35.2 million] adults and children were living with HIV in 2010 • Nearly 2/3 of live in Sub-Saharan Africa • One of every ten is a child under age 15 • Every day, 7,000 people become infected with HIV and 5,000 die from AIDS-related illnesses • Around 17 million children under age 18 are orphans as a result of losing one or both parents to AIDS. • Source: WHO, UNAIDS and UNICEF, Global HIV/AIDS response: epidemic update and health sector progress towards universal access: progress report 2011.

3. MICS HIV/AIDS module • Introduced in MICS2 • Questions of the module are related to knowledge, attitudes and practices (including HIV testing and counselling) • Some countries add seroprevalence testing • Analysis of HIV/AIDS variables and sexual behaviour variables

4. HIV/AIDS - Indicators • Comprehensive knowledge about HIV prevention • Percentage of women age 15-49 years who correctly identify two ways of preventing HIV infection, know that a healthy looking person can have HIV, and reject the two most common misconceptions about HIV transmission • Comprehensive knowledge about HIV prevention among young people • Percentage of women age 15-24 years who correctly identify two ways of preventing HIV infection, know that a healthy looking person can have HIV, and reject the two most common misconceptions about HIV transmission (MDG 6.3)

5. HIV/AIDS – Indicators (2) • Knowledge of mother-to-child transmission of HIV • Percentage of women age 15-49 years who correctly identify all three means of mother-to-child transmission of HIV • Accepting attitudes towards people living with HIV • Percentage of women age 15-49 years expressing accepting attitudes toward people living with HIV

6. HIV/AIDS – Indicators (3) • Women who know where to be tested for HIV • Percentage of women age 15-49 years who state knowledge of a place to be tested for HIV • Women who have been tested for HIV and know the results • Percentage of women age 15-49 years who have been tested for HIV in the 12 months preceding the survey and who know their results • Sexually active young women who have been tested for HIV and know the results • Percentage of women age 15-24 years who have had sex in the 12 months preceding the survey, who have been tested for HIV in the 12 months preceding the survey and who know their results

7. HIV/AIDS – Indicators (4) • HIV counseling during antenatal care • Percentage of women age 15-29 who gave birth in the 2 years preceding the survey and received antenatal care, reporting that they received counseling on HIV during antenatal care • HIV testing during antenatal care • Percentage of women age 15-29 years who gave birth in the 2 years preceding the survey and received antenatal care, reporting that they were offered and accepted an HIV test during antenatal care and received their results

8. MICS Sexual Behavior module • Answering no at 1st question make skip the entire module to HIV/AIDS module • Data quality issues: Missing, refusal, DK and underreporting in Sexual Behavior module

9. Sexual Behavior - Indicators • Young women who have never had sex • Percentage of never married young women aged 15-24 who have never had sex (UNAIDS additional #12) • Sex before age 15 among young women • Percentage of young women aged 15-24 who have had sexual intercourse before the age of 15 years (GARPR* - #1.2) • Age-mixing among sexual partners • Percentage of young women aged 15-24 years who had sex in the past 12 months with a partner who was 10 or more years older *GARPR: Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting (formerly UNGASS)

10. Sexual Behavior – Indicators (2) • Sex with multiple partners • Percentage of women age 15-49 years who have had sexual intercourse with more than one sexual partner in the 12 months preceding the survey (GARPR* #1.3) • Condom use during risk sex with multiple partners • Percentage of women age 15-49 years who report having had more than one sexual partner in the 12 months preceding the survey who also reported that a condom was used the last time they had sex (GARPR* #1.4) *GARPR: Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting (formerly UNGASS)

11. Sexual Behavior – Indicators (3) • Sex with non-regular partners • Percentage of women age 15-24 years who have had sexual intercourse with a non-marital, non-cohabiting partner in the 12 months preceding the survey • Condom use with non-regular partners • Percentage of women age 15-24 years who used condom during sexual intercourse with their last non-marital, non-cohabiting sex partner in the 12 months preceding the survey (MDG 6.2)

12. Orphans - Indicators • Children’s living arrangements • Percentage of children age 0-17 years not living with a biological parent • Prevalence of children with at least one parent dead • Percentage of children age 0-17 years with one or both parents dead • School attendance of orphans • Percentage of children age 10-14 who have lost both parents and are attending school (MDG 6.4; GARPR* #7.3) • School attendance of non-orphans • Percentage of children age 10-14 years, whose parents are alive, who are living with at least one parent, and who are attending school (MDG 6.4; GARPR* #7.3) *GARPR: Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting (formerly UNGASS)

13. Tables

14. HIV/AIDS Indicators 9.1 & 9.2 Comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS [MDG 6.3] Percentage of women age 15-49 years (and 15-24 years) who correctly identify two ways of preventing HIV infection, know that a healthy looking person can have HIV, and reject the two most common misconceptions about HIV transmission

15. Table HA.3: Comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission Percentage of women aged 15-49 years who have comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission, Country X, Year Y

16. HIV/AIDS Indicator 9.3 Knowledge of mother-to-child transmission of HIV Percentage of women age 15-49 years who correctly identify all three means of mother-to-child transmission of HIV :Transmission during pregnancy, during delivery, and by breastfeeding

17. Table HA.4: Knowledge of mother-to-child HIV transmission Percentage of women aged 15-49 who correctly identify means of HIV transmission from mother to child, Country X, Year Y

18. HIV/AIDS Indicator 9.4 Accepting attitudes towards people living with HIV Percentage of women age 15-49 years expressing accepting attitudes on all four questions toward people living with HIV

19. Table HA.5: Attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS Percentage of women aged 15-49 years who have heard of AIDS who express a discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS, Country X, Year Y

20. HIV/AIDS Indicator 9.5 Women who know where to be tested for HIV Percentage of women age 15-49 years who state knowledge of a place to be tested for HIV 9.6 Women who have been tested for HIV and know the results Percentage of women age 15-49 years who have been tested for HIV in the 12 months preceding the survey and who know their results

22. HIV/AIDS Indicator 9.7 Sexually active young women who have been tested for HIV and know the results Percentage of women age 15-24 years who have had sex in the 12 months preceding the survey, who have been tested for HIV in the 12 months preceding the survey and who know their results

24. HIV/AIDS Indicator 9.9 HIV testing during antenatal care Percentage of women age 15-49 years who gave birth in the 2 years preceding the survey and received antenatal care, reporting that they were offered and accepted an HIV test during antenatal care and received their results 9.8 HIV counselling during antenatal care Percentage of women age 15-49 years who gave birth in the 2 years preceding the survey and received antenatal care, reporting that they received counselling on HIV during antenatal care

25. Table HA.7: HIV testing and counseling coverage during antenatal care Percentage of women aged 15-49 years who gave birth in the two years preceding the survey who were offered HIV testing and counseling with their antenatal care, Country X, Year Y

26. SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

27. Sexual Behavior Indicator 9.10 Young women who have never had sex Percentage of never married women age 15-24 years who have never had sex 9.12 Age-mixing among sexual partners Percentage of women age 15-24 years who had sex in the 12 months preceding the survey with a partner who was 10 or more years older than they were 9.11 Sex before age 15 among young women Percentage of women age 15-24 years who have had sexual intercourse before age 15

28. Table HA.8: Sexual behaviour that increases risk of HIV infection Percentage of young women aged 15-19 years who had sex before age 15, percentage of young women aged 20-24 who had sex before age 18 and percentage of young women aged 15-24 who had sex with a man 10 or more years older, Country X, Year Y

29. Sexual Behavior Indicator 9.14 Condom use during sex with multiple partners Percentage of women age 15-49 years who report having had more than one sexual partner in the 12 months preceding the survey who also reported that a condom was used the last time they had sex 9.13 Sex with multiple partners Percentage of women age 15-49 years who have had sexual intercourse with more than one partner in the 12 months preceding the survey

30. Sexual Behavior Indicator 9.15 Sex with non-regular partners Percentage of sexually active women age 15-24 years who have had sex with a non-marital, non-cohabitating partner in the 12 months preceding the survey 9.16 Condom use with non-regular partners MDG 6.2 Percentage of women age 15-24 years reporting the use of a condom during sexual intercourse with their last non-marital, non-cohabiting sex partner in the 12 months preceding the survey

31. Table HA.9: Condom use at last high-risk sex Percentage of young women aged 15-24 who had high risk sex in the previous year and who used a condom at last high risk sex, Country X, Year Y

32. Orphanhood Indicator 9.18 Prevalence of children with at least one parent dead Percentage of children age 0-17 years with one or both parents dead 9.17 Children’s living arrangements Percentage of children age 0-17 years not living with a biological parent

33. Table HA.12: Children's living arrangements and orphanhood Percent distribution of children age 0-17 years according to living arrangements, percentage of children age 0-17 years in households not living with a biological parent and percentage of children who have one or both parents dead • [1] MICS indicator 9.17; [2] MICS indicator 9.18

34. Orphanhood Indicator 9.19 School attendance of orphans MDG 6.4 Percentage of children age 10-14 years who have lost both parents and are attending school 9.20 School attendance of non-orphans MDG 6.4 Percentage of children age 10-14 years, whose parents are alive, who are living with at least one parent, and who are attending school

35. Table HA.13: School attendance of orphans and non-orphans • School attendance of children age 10-14 years by orphanhood

36. Some ideas for further analyses • Association between use of ANC services and knowledge about HIV/AIDS • Determinants of sexual behavior among adolescents • Level of access to ANC services by pregnant women (PMTCT)

37. THANK YOU!