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Effective Intervention Strategies for Self-Injury Behavior: A Functional Analysis Approach

Explore the functional analysis methods for assessing and intervening in self-injury behavior. Learn about prevalent rates, ABC method, and reinforcement procedures to reduce self-harm. Discover strategies for promoting alternative behaviors and decreasing the probability of self-injury.

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Effective Intervention Strategies for Self-Injury Behavior: A Functional Analysis Approach

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  1. 自傷行為 self-injury 國立嘉義大學 唐榮昌

  2. 自傷的介入 • 以各種行為分析的策略 • 最近：介入時須考慮到行為的功能—功能分析的方法

  3. 盛行率 • 美國衛生署，1989 • 有400萬發展障礙者 • 有16萬人有自傷或攻擊行為

  4. 行為的評量與分析 • Mace（1990）對自傷行為：廣博的評量— • 1.自然情境下之描述性的評量 • 2.形成自傷行為功能性的假設 • 3.功能分析 • 4.評量介入的成效

  5. ABC法 • 描述性評量的目的：找出前因與後果事件對行為改變的影響 • Bijou, Peterson, & Ault, 1968 ABC法

  6. 功能分析 functional analysis 通常使用類似功能分析 analogue functional analysis 來模擬實際的操弄情境 1.Social attention: social disapproval or verbal redirection 2.Escape/avoid from tasks or physical contact 3.Tangible

  7. 功能分析 functional analysis • 4.automatic (sensory): alone • 功能分析是實驗設計的一種，是一輪替實驗設計 an alternating treatments design—a multi-element design

  8. 簡易功能分析Brief functional analysis • Northup et al., 1991 • 1. initial assessment: 四種情境 • 2.replication: 最高頻率及最低頻率的情境各一；例如—attention , escape • 3. contingency reversal :

  9. 介入的策略 • 前因的策略 • 反應性的策略

  10. 反應性的策略 • 增加替代性的行為 • 減少自傷行為的機率

  11. 增強程序 • 1. SIB的功能是attention, tangible，則使用DRA： 區別增強適當行為—而忽視自傷行為 • 2. SIB的功能是attention, tangible ，則使用DRO 區別增強其他行為—一段時間內注意、稱讚正當的行為，而忽視自傷行為 • 3. SIB的功能是attention, tangible, escape，則使用FCT功能溝通訓練

  12. 增強程序 • 4. SIB的功能是tangible, escape，則使用Premack principle : 以喜歡的活動增強不喜歡的 • 5. SIB的功能是 escape，則使用負增強：DRA， DRO， FCT 後可以休息一段時間

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