Manu

1. Manu Presented by: Sarah Vogt

2. Chapter I: • Creation story: • Produced waters with a thought and put his seed in them • Seed became golden egg • The act became Purusha • Egg split into two halves: • Heaven and earth with the middle sphere in between. • From Himself made the mind • He created the soul and the 5 organs of sensual perception in their order

3. Chapter 1: • He created the order of the gods • From fire, wind, and sun the threefold Veda • Rik, Yagus, and Saman used for sacrifice • Affected by opposites • The varna proceeded by the mouth,arms, thighs, and feet (Brahman-first born) • He divided his own body becoming half male and half female.

4. Chapter 1: • The female half produced Virag • Virag performed austerities making the twice-born • Austerities: rigorous spiritual practices • The lord performed very difficult austerities • 10 sages: Mariki, Atri, ANgiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Dratu, Praketas, Vasishtha, Bhrigu, and Narada • 7 Manus: • Svayambhu (self-existent), Svarokisha, Auttami, Tamasa, Raivata, Kakshusha, son of Vivasvat • Svayambhu produced Brahman from austerities with his mouth.

5. Chapter II: • Veda first source of sacred law. • The birth rites of the Brahman. • Role and rules of a student • Initiation rituals • Eat properly • Keep organs in control • Salutations • To the Veda

6. Chapter III: • Laws for student entering the householder age • Marriage rites • Sacrificial fire • Feasts of the sacrifice and treatment of guests

7. Chapter IV: • Householder’s rights to property • Situations and items a man should avoid • The laws on accepting gifts

8. Chapter V: • Foods to avoid • Rites of death • Purification • Women can never be independent • By violating her duty toward her husband, a wife is disgraced in this world after death she enter the womb of a jackal and is tormented by disease (the punishment) of her sin.

9. Chapter VI: • Laws of a hermit • Sacrifice • What practices should be performed • Laws of a ascetic (world renouncer) • How and when he should beg

10. Chapter VII: • Duties of Kings • Land • Wife • Sacrifice • Protection

11. Chapter VIII: • Salutations for a king • Regulations of taking property • Suits (court cases) • Punishment

12. Chapter IX: • Laws pertaining to husband and wife • Husband guard the wife • Women’s sin • Matters pertaining to the seed • How to make offspring • Children born to the female belong to the female • Widowed women • Division of the inheritance • Laws on legitimate sons • Laws concerning gambling

13. Chapter IX: • Corporal Punishment • Acts king does to thieves • Punishment of people defacing property • Role of the king • Act properly • Sleeping he represents the Kali (iron age), waking the Dvapara (brazen) age, ready to act the Treta (silver age), but moving actively the Krita (golden) age. • Duties of the Vaisyas and Sudras

14. Chapter X: • The varna person born into • Based upon marriage offspring • All the different castes • Laws for Aryans • Brahman’s 6 acts: • Teaching, studying, sacrificing for himself, sacrificing for others, making gifts and receiving them • Vaisyas avoid selling • Rules followed in reference to hunger • Rules to the Sudra

15. Chapter XI: • Rules of giving and receiving (sometimes forceful) • Sacrifice • Penance • Physical appearance of crimes • Purification rites • Mortal sin (mahapataka)/ minor offenses equals to what specific offense • Penance performed in regard to situation

16. Chapter XII: • Connexion with actions • Punishment in next life based upon offenses committed • Sinful acts committed in body-something inanimate, sins committed by speech-birds or beasts, mental sins- lower caste. • Following the Veda will lead to salvation.