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凯氏氮的测定

凯氏氮的测定. 中国环境管理干部学院 环境技术研究与实验中心. 一、实验目的. 1 、掌握水样的消解方法; 2 、理解凯氏氮的测定原理; 3 、掌握凯氏氮的测定方法及凯氏定氮 仪的使用。. 或. 二、实验原理. 消解:. 蒸馏:. 吸收:. 滴定:. 三、实验仪器和试剂. 1 、凯氏定氮仪:. 操作盘. 消煮管. 三、实验仪器和试剂. 2 、消解装置:. 温控消煮炉. 3 、天平 4 、玻璃器皿. 三、实验仪器和试剂. 试剂: 硫酸(密度为 1.84g/ml ) 硫酸钾( K 2 SO 4 ) 5% 硫酸铜溶液 40% 氢氧化钠溶液

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凯氏氮的测定

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  1. 凯氏氮的测定 中国环境管理干部学院 环境技术研究与实验中心 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  2. 一、实验目的 • 1、掌握水样的消解方法; • 2、理解凯氏氮的测定原理; • 3、掌握凯氏氮的测定方法及凯氏定氮 仪的使用。 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  3. 二、实验原理 消解: 蒸馏: 吸收: 滴定: Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  4. 三、实验仪器和试剂 • 1、凯氏定氮仪: 操作盘 消煮管 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  5. 三、实验仪器和试剂 • 2、消解装置: 温控消煮炉 • 3、天平 • 4、玻璃器皿 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  6. 三、实验仪器和试剂 试剂: • 硫酸(密度为1.84g/ml) • 硫酸钾(K2SO4) • 5%硫酸铜溶液 • 40%氢氧化钠溶液 • 2%硼酸溶液 • 0.02mol/L硫酸标准溶液,待标定 • 甲基红–亚甲蓝混合指示剂 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  7. 四、实验步骤 样品消解蒸馏吸收滴定 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  8. 四、实验步骤 • 1、取水样50ml于消煮管中,加入10mL浓硫酸、6g 硫酸钾、2mL硫酸铜和2-3粒玻璃珠,摇匀。同时取蒸馏水做空白实验。 • 2、放置在消煮炉上,加热煮沸至冒白烟,并使溶液变清(无色或淡黄色)。 • 3、停止加热,消煮炉上保持30min。取出放冷,少量水清洗消煮管壁,混匀,管内液体少于30ml。 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  9. 四、实验步骤 • 将装有样品的消煮管、干净的锥形瓶分别放 置于凯氏定氮仪上,开启冷凝水,设置程序: 加硼酸(5s)、加碱(5s) (碱10mL/s,硼酸 6mL/s),开始蒸馏,致馏出液为100mL, 系统自动停止蒸馏; Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  10. 四、实验步骤 • 取下馏出液,加入混合指示剂3-5滴,用 0.02mol/L(待标定)的硫酸溶液滴定,绿色 变成淡紫色为终点,记录硫酸用量。 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  11. 五、数据处理 式中:V1 —滴定水样时消耗H2SO4的体积,ml; V0 —滴定空白样时消耗H2SO4的体积,ml; C —H2SO4溶液的准确浓度,mol/L; V —水样的体积,ml; 14—氨氮(N)的摩尔质量,g/mol。 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  12. 六、注意事项 • 1、消解要在通风厨中进行。 • 2、消解过程中,确保浓硫酸量足够,否则,过多 的硫酸钾会引起氨的损失。 • 3、凯氏定氮仪使用前,检查硼酸桶、碱液桶、蒸 馏水桶内液位,不足及时配制添加。 Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

  13. 七、思考题 1、实验过程中加入硫酸钾、硫酸铜的作用是什么? 2、蒸馏时为什么要加入NaOH溶液?加入量对测定 结果有何影响? 3、实验操作过程中,影响测定准确性的因素有哪 些? Sino-Dutch Demonstration Researcher and Training Centre for Water Treatment

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