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Understanding Noise at the Workplace: Anatomy, Effects, and Hearing Conservation Strategies

Noise at the workplace poses significant challenges to health, including hearing loss and communication difficulties. This resource dives into the anatomy of the ear—covering the outer, middle, and inner ear—along with how we hear through air and bone conduction. We discuss pathophysiology, types of hearing loss, and the impact of noise exposure in various forms. The Hearing Conservation Programme (HCP) is outlined to prevent auditory damage, including assessments, noise control strategies, and the provision of hearing protection. Stay informed about effective practices to manage workplace noise.

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Understanding Noise at the Workplace: Anatomy, Effects, and Hearing Conservation Strategies

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  1. Noise at Workplace Dr. Noor Hassim Ismail

  2. Anatomy of Ear • 3 parts • Outer ear • Middle ear • Inner ear • Cochlea- hearing apparatus • Vestibular- balancing of the body

  3. Pathophysiology of hearing • How we hear? • Air conduction • Bone conduction. • Conductive hearing loss • Sensorineural hearing loss

  4. Effects of noise • Noise definition- unwanted sound. • Noise unit- intensity –decibel (dB), frequency(hertz –hz). • Type of sound based on frequency • Infrasonic (0-20 Hz) , • Audible (20-16,000) • Ultrasonic (> 16,000)

  5. Factors contributing to noise hazard • Noise spectrum • Overall noise exposure • Duration of exposure • Individual susceptibility.

  6. Type of noise • Steady state noise • Intermitent noise • Fluctuation noise • Impulse noise

  7. Noise induced hearing loss Temporary permanent Rupture of ear drum Dislocation os ossicle Speech interference Annoyance Other effect Task performances Intrusion of privacy tinnitus’ Blood pressure Fatique Bood sugar Gastric acid secretions Effect of noise

  8. Intermittent noise Less effect than steady state noise Impulse noise Effect depend on number of impulse exposed.

  9. Hearing Conservation Programme • Indication s for the ed of a HCP • Difficulty in communication • Tinnitus after workking • Temporay losss of hearing

  10. Elements of HCP • Assessment of noise exposure • Noise control • Audiometric testing programme • Medical evaluation and treatment • Health education and training • Provision of hearing protection • Establishment of proper record keeping.

  11. Assessment of noise • Competent person • To know the noise level • Mapping the noise level • >85 dB (action level) – do HCP • < 85 dB – no HCP

  12. Noise Control • Nose reduction activities to less than 85 dB • Engineering control • Administrative control • Both methods • Control strategies: • Sources • At path • Receiver

  13. Education programme • To educate the workers • Training every 2 years • Teach them • Effect of noise • Control • Personel protective equipment and maintenance • Audiomeric test • Noise regulations • etc

  14. Audiomeric testing programme • Baseline audiometric test • Periodic audiometric test • Objective the test: • To establish the hearing status. • To monitor hearing loss during period of employement • To identify worker who is secceptible to noise • To regulate noise hearing programme

  15. Medical Evaluation and treatment • Abnormal audiogram refer to doctor • Hearing problems refer to doctor

  16. Povision of hearing protectors • Ear plugs • Ear muffs • Factors deciding type of PPE. • Sound reduction properties • Comfort of worker • Cost • Approved by DOSH.

  17. Name Job Location of employee Base line audiogram Occupational history Medical examination Keep record for 5years after stop work. Record Keeping

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