Presentation Transcript

1. CH 21, pp. 592-620

   Civil Rights: Equal Justice Under Law--
2. Terms Immigrants 594 aliens (foreigners) legally admitted as permanent residents
3. refugee 597 one who seeks protection from War Persecution Natural disaster Some other danger 3 million from Central America, Colombia, and Chile in the 1970s and 80s. Haiti, Cuba
4. assimilation 597 the process by which people of one culture merge into and become part of another culture. Chinese, 1850s Filipinos, Japanese; 1900s Koreans, 1950s Vietnamese, Khmer 1970s
5. segregation 601 the separation of one group from another. By the 1880s legal in almost half the United States. African-Americans Mexicans Asians Native-Americans
6. separate-but-equal doctrine 602 1896, Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court upheld legal segregation of races so long as Separated race had equal public facilities/services as Whites did
7. integration 603 process of bringing a group into the mainstream of society as full equals. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 1954 Struck down law segregating African-American students. Began a period of sometimes violent resistance in pro-segregation parts of the country.
8. de jure segregation 604 separation of people by law, with legal sanction.
9. de facto segregation 604 separation of people based on social behavior: racism, bigotry, individual discrimination.
10. affirmative action 609 federal and state government policy requiring that most employers take positive steps to remedy the effects of past discriminations. Contractors, schools, hospitals, other institutions. Would lose federal or state funding if they did not
11. quota 610 rules requiring a certain number be met to be in compliance. In the case of Affirmative Action Jobs Promotions Quotas based on racial proportion in population were set. Employers had to meet those quotas
12. reverse discrimination 610 affirmative action was accused of discriminating against White people (racism in reverse) Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 1978 White student not admitted even though he had higher grades than minorities admitted. Supreme Court agreed and declared affirmative action to be against the law. Other techniques would have to be used to give minorities opportunities.
13. citizen 613 one who owes allegiance to the United States and is entitled to its protection. 14th Amendment: Born in US Naturalized Subject to US jurisdiction
14. jus soli 613 law of the soil Born in the US Includes territories embassies/consuls Ships, planes,
15. jus sanguinis, 614 law of the blood Born abroad to an American citizen At least one parent
16. naturalization 614 the legal process of an alien becoming a citizen. Only Federal government may act
17. expatriation 614 the legal process by which a person loses their citizenship. Rarely done by the US government.
18. Deportation 616 a legal process in which aliens are legally required to leave the United States. Fong Yue Ting v. United States, 1893 1 deportation is an inherent power, arising out of the sovereignty of the United States, 2 deportation is not criminal punishment, and so does not require a criminal trial.
19. Hwk Concepts, Class Work, to Know
20. EC: Concepts What defines a heterogeneous nation? It has citizens of many different races and ethnic groups
21. EC: Concepts EC: Name one factor that can lead a refugee to leave his/her country? (4) War Persecution Natural disaster Some other danger
22. EC: Concepts What is the purpose of a reservation? (5) To set aside land for Native-Americans to live Make room for White Americans to develop the better land. Farming Mining Residential
23. EC: Concepts What was the purpose of Jim Crow Laws? (5) They discriminated against African-Americans by separating them from Whites. Education Public places (parks, auditoriums, courts) Hotels, trains, buses Jobs
24. EC: Concepts What important SCOTUS case led to school integration? Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 1954
25. EC: Concepts Who put the separate-but-equal doctrine in place? The Supreme Court created it.
26. EC: Concepts What did the separate but equal doctrine uphold? Allowed the establishment of “separate but equal” facilities/services for African-Americans and Whites.
27. EC: Concepts Why was affirmative action enacted? To require employers or educators to take positive steps to overcome past discrimination.
28. EC: Concepts Under what circumstance has the Supreme Court allowed quotas? (2) In the most extreme cases In order to overcome blatant, longstanding bias.
29. EC: Concepts Who, in a general sense, is disadvantaged by reverse discrimination? (2) It affects members of the majority group Usually white males.
30. EC: Concepts What is the main difference between a citizen and an alien? (2) Alien owes allegiance to another country Citizen owes allegiance to the United States.
31. EC: Concepts Members of which group can be threatened by deportation? Aliens
32. How might the United States solve the problem of undocumented aliens? (3) One way might be to set up an incentive program to encourage those who want to live legally in the United States to seek the proper documentation. It would be vital to set up, as before, a period of amnesty so the people would not be frightened to come forward. The hiring of more workers for the INS could help alleviate the problem, since limited staffing seems to have contributed to the problem.
33. EC: Concepts The Supreme Court has changed its attitude toward laws that treat men and women differently. What factors led the Court to its present position on those laws? (3) the Supreme Court's change of attitude reflects changes that have been taking place within American society over the last several decades. Women's role in society has changed significantly in terms of economic, social, and political standing. The Supreme Court's interpretation of the Constitution reflects current times, in which the status of women has slowly climbed.
34. Describe a hypothetical situation in which collective naturalization might be applied. If the United States were to gain territorial rights over an island in the Pacific, for example, the citizens of that island might be collectively naturalized.
35. RS, graph, 595 Question Hispanic Americans
36. RS, image, 596 Question They were kidnapped and imprisoned under horrible conditions They were treated like animals
37. B/W, image, 597 Question: No: Chinese people in the mid-1800s came specifically to labor on railroads and in mines Vietnamese were fleeing the communist government in their homeland
38. B/W, Images, 604-5 Questions 1 Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 1954 2 Few cases of race made it to the Supreme Court, due to prevailing attitudes toward minorities. EC: What changed the prevailing attitudes toward minorities by 1954? US claim during WW II that it was fighting against racism and prejudice as embodied by Hitler and the Japanese.
39. 12, chart, p. 595. Use the 2000 year data. If you were an employer with 1000 employees, receiving federal funding, What would be the approximate quotas? White 69% = 690 Hispanic 12% = 120 African-American 12% = 120 Asian 4% = 40 Native-American 1% = 10 Women 50% = 500
40. EC: What ethnic groups make up “White” people in the US? Core group: Assimilated groups: Irish Welsh Scandinavian Italian Russian Ukrainian Polish Serbian Anglo-Saxon Scots-Irish German French
41. 12, chart, 614 Question To be of “good moral character”
42. 12, chart, 615 Question Through individual or collective naturalization Jus sanguinis