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Global Climate Change

Global Climate Change. Chapter 16 Mr. Martino. Our Dynamic Climate. Energy From the Sun Greenhouse effect Certain gases in the atmosphere retain some of the Sun’s heat energy Greenhouse gases Water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone, nitrous oxide, and ozone

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Global Climate Change

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  1. Global Climate Change Chapter 16 Mr. Martino

  2. Our Dynamic Climate • Energy From the Sun • Greenhouse effect • Certain gases in the atmosphere retain some of the Sun’s heat energy • Greenhouse gases • Water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone, nitrous oxide, and ozone • Essential for the maintenance of Earth’s temp. • Sunlight is converted to heat then retained. • The Effect of Latitude • Latitude – the measurement of a place’s distance from the equator • The farther away a place is from the equator, the colder it will be. • 610N = cold; Alaska • 100S = warm; Brazil • The Sun’s rays strike the Earth at different angles, at different latitudes. • Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the Sun; summer.

  3. Wind Patterns in the Atmosphere • Winds and Heat • Warm air rises, cool air falls • Rise at the equator • Fall at the poles • Prevailing winds – rising of equatorial air and the falling of polar air • Move in huge masses around the earth

  4. Winds and Moisture • Water vapor in the air enters through evaporation from surface water or from plants through transpiration • Warm air carries more water vapor • Winds push clouds over long distances, redistributing the Earth’s water

  5. The Oceans and Climate • Ocean Circulation • Currents absorb carbon dioxide and transport heat • Thermohaline Circulation – warmer, less saltier water moves along the surface; colder, saltier water moves along the bottom • Warm water flows from the equator to the poles

  6. El Nino & La Nina • Change of pressure, wind patterns, ocean temperature, and ocean circulation • El Nino – eastern pacific ocean becomes warmer, weakening the equatorial winds; no upwelling occurs along the coast • La Nina – opposite of El Nino

  7. Ocean absorption of carbon dioxide • By absorbing carbon dioxide, ocean temperature decreases • Problem: carbon dioxide is being produced faster than it is being absorbed

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