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Overview of Kirchoff's Rules and Capacitor Behavior in Circuits

This overview covers essential aspects of Kirchoff's Rules, focusing on the Loop Rule and Node Rule, both based on the conservation of energy and charge. We explore the general procedure for applying these rules and the common errors associated with them, particularly sign errors. Additionally, we discuss capacitor behavior over time during charging and discharging, highlighting their characteristics in various states—short circuit when uncharged and open circuit when charged. Understanding these principles is crucial for analyzing circuit dynamics effectively.

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Overview of Kirchoff's Rules and Capacitor Behavior in Circuits

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Presentation Transcript

  1. PHYS 219 Recitation Kevin Ralphs Week 4

  2. Overview • HW Questions • Kirchoff’s Rules • Capacitors, Current, Time

  3. Kirchoff’s Rules • Loop Rule • Based on conservation of energy • Node Rule • Based on conservation of charge

  4. Kirchoff’s Rules General Procedure: • Choose loops so that every branch is covered by at least one loop • Choose current directions in each branch – this does not have to correspond to the direction of your loop • Write down each loop/node equation and solve using method of your choice. You need as many independent equations as you have currents to solve.

  5. Kirchoff’s Rules • The most common errors in applying Kirchoff’s rules are sign errors Voltage Source Resistor (Black arrows denote a positive change in voltage; red negative) Current

  6. Capacitors, Current, Time • You will be responsible for understanding how a capacitor behaves at various times during charging/discharging • The end points are simple • If uncharged, a capacitor acts as a short • If charged, a capacitor acts as an open • The words “after a long time” or similar mean it has gone from charged to uncharged or vice versa

  7. Capacitors, Current, Time • In between it is governed by equations • Note: vary depending on whether you are charging/discharging and what resistors you are charging/discharging through

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