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Topics for Today

Topics for Today. Back to PVC and Addition Polymers Stiff or Flexible? Plasticizers. Topics for Today. Orientation of the polymer Head-to-head? Head-to-tail? What else is in plastic?. Readings for Today. Review 9.2 The Big Six 9.3 Addition Polymers. Topics for Friday. Exam #3!.

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Topics for Today

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  1. Topics for Today • Back to PVC and Addition Polymers • Stiff or Flexible? Plasticizers

  2. Topics for Today • Orientation of the polymer • Head-to-head? Head-to-tail? • What else is in plastic?

  3. Readings for Today • Review • 9.2 The Big Six • 9.3 Addition Polymers

  4. Topics for Friday

  5. Exam #3! This Friday! Same format as always

  6. Exam #3! Non-memory calculators OK. Please, no cell phones

  7. Topics for Monday • Lipids, Fats, and Oils!

  8. Topics for Monday • What is a fat? Fatty acid? • Saturated vs unsaturated fats • Animal versus plant

  9. Readings For Monday • 11.3 Fat & Oils: Part of the lipid family • 11.4 Saturated and Unsaturated Fats & Oils

  10. Figures Alive! http://chemincontext.eppg.com/chapter11/FiguresAlive.html

  11. Topics for Today • Back to PVC and Addition Polymers • Stiff or Flexible? Plasticizers

  12. Where were we??

  13. Condensation Polymers! Polyester Nylon

  14. Monomers? Summary… PET O O H H C C O O C C H H n Double Acid Double Alcohol Double Acid Double Alcohol ESTER ESTER ESTER ESTER ESTER

  15. Monomers? Summary… Nylon 6,6 O H H O N C N (CH2)6 C (CH2)4 n Double Acid Double Amine Double Acid Double Amine AMIDE AMIDE AMIDE AMIDE AMIDE

  16. Be able to write the overall reaction for production of a polyamide for ANY given diacid and diamine!!!! Same for the production of a polyester for ANY given diacid and dialcohol!!

  17. Preview…

  18. Equation 9.7 (p. 414) Built from amino acids!

  19. Condensation Polymers • Nylon and PET (polyester) A small molecule is released as a byproduct Can be built from one or two monomers

  20. Addition Polymers • PP, PS, HDPE, LDPE, PVC, Teflon 1 monomer No byproducts!

  21. Polyethylene [ ]n H H R· –CH2–CH2– n C = C H H EXPAND!

  22. Polyethylene H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H

  23. Polypropylene Does the orientation matter? H H H H R· — C – C— n C = C n H CH3 H CH3 Expand out…

  24. CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Same or different? H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H

  25. CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H CH3 C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H

  26. Polyproylene Does the orientation matter? H H H H R· — C – C— n C = C n H CH3 H CH3 HEAD TAIL

  27. CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H

  28. Polypropylene Head-to-Tail CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Any other options? = methyl = H

  29. CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H These are all head-to-tail!! CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H CH3 C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H

  30. Polypropylene Head-to-Head CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Any other options? = methyl = H

  31. Polypropylene - Random CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 H H CH3 H H H H H H H H C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C -C H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H = methyl = H

  32. Polystyrene Glassy and brittle

  33. Polystyrene • Can be injected with a gas to make foam! We used to use CFCs!

  34. Polystyrene? H H H H R· — C – C— n C = C n H H HEAD TAIL

  35. Polystyrene What orientation?

  36. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

  37. Polymerize! Cl H C C H H vinyl chloride

  38. Polyvinylchloride (PVC) H H H H R· — C – C— n C = C n H Cl H Cl

  39. PVC Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Head-to-tail

  40. PVC Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Head-to-tail Has order – packs well

  41. Rigid, stiff material PVC Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Head-to-tail Has order – packs well

  42. PVC Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Head-to-head

  43. Rigid, stiff material PVC Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Head-to-head Has order – packs well

  44. PVC Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Random

  45. PVC Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Random Less order – does not pack as well

  46. Slightly softer PVC Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Random Less order – does not pack as well

  47. PVC comes in many forms!

  48. PVC • Can be opaque and rigid

  49. PVC • Can be opaque and rigid

  50. PVC • Can be transparent and softer

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