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Chapter 4 The Components of the System Unit

Chapter 4 Objectives. Describe the components in the system unit. Explain how the CPU uses the four steps of a machine cycle to process data. Compare and contrast various personal computer processors on the market today. Define a bit and describe how a series of bits represents data. Differentiate a

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Chapter 4 The Components of the System Unit

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    1. Chapter 4 The Components of the System Unit

    2. Chapter 4 Objectives

    3. The System Unit Box-like case that contains computer’s electronic components Sometimes called the chassis

    4. The System Unit

    5. The System Unit What is the motherboard?

    6. The System Unit What chip packages are available?

    7. Central Processing Unit What is the central processing unit (CPU) ?

    8. Central Processing Unit What are the components of the CPU?

    9. Central Processing Unit What is the control unit?

    10. Central Processing Unit What is a machine cycle?

    11. Central Processing Unit How is the CPU’s speed measured?

    12. Central Processing Unit What are two designs used for the CPU?

    13. What is the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) ? Central Processing Unit

    14. Central Processing Unit What is pipelining?

    15. What is a register? Central Processing Unit

    16. Registers of PentiumIV Processors

    17. Central Processing Unit What is the system clock?

    18. Central Processing Unit What is a microprocessor?

    19. Central Processing Unit How do personal computer processors compare?

    20. Central Processing Unit What is a coprocessor?

    21. Central Processing Unit What is parallel processing?

    22. Parallel processing example Add numbers of one column to the other column

    23. Data Representation How do computers represent data?

    24. Data Representation What is the binary system?

    25. Data Representation What is a byte?

    26. Data Representations Normally, in computers 2,4 bytes are grouped together 2 bytes are called word 4 bytes are called double word

    27. Data Representation What are three popular coding systems to represent text?

    28. Data Representation How is a character sent from keyboard to computer?

    29. Data Representation What about numbers? Integers

    30. Data Representation Floating-point numbers 1.4532 1,223,213,232.554 0.000 000 000 234 12 Single precision Use 32 bits, 1 for sign (+ or -) 8 for exponent and 23 for fraction Double precision 64 bits (1 one for sign, 11 for exponent, 52 for fraction)

    31. Memory What is memory?

    32. Memory How is memory measured?

    33. Memory What are two types of system unit memory?

    34. Memory What is random access memory (RAM)?

    35. Memory What are two basic types of RAM chips?

    36. Memory How much RAM is needed?

    37. Memory How much RAM is needed?

    38. Memory What is cache?

    39. Intel Architecture

    40. Memory What is read-only memory (ROM)?

    41. Memory Types of ROM

    42. Memory What is flash memory?

    43. Memory What is CMOS?

    44. Memory What is memory access time?

    45. Memory Typical access times ROM 25-250ns (4-40millions per second) SDRAM 7.5 ns (133millions per second) RDRAM 1.25 ns (800millions per second)

    46. Expansion Slots and Expansion Cards What is an expansion slot?

    47. Expansion Slots and Expansion Cards How are expansion cards used?

    48. Expansion Slots and Expansion Cards What is Plug and Play?

    49. Expansion Slots and Expansion Cards What is a PC card?

    50. Expansion Slots and Expansion Cards What is a flash memory card?

    51. Ports What is a port?

    52. Ports What are different types of connectors?

    53. Ports What is a serial port?

    54. Ports What is a parallel port?

    55. Ports What is a universal serial bus port (USB) ?

    56. Buses What is a bus?

    57. Buses What is an expansion bus?

    58. Bays What is a bay?

    59. Power Supply What is a power supply?

    60. Mobile Computers What is a mobile computer?

    61. Mobile Computers What ports are on a notebook computer?

    62. Putting It All Together What are suggested processor, clock speed, and RAM requirements based on the needs of various types of users?

    63. Summary of the Components of the System Unit The system unit Central processing unit Data representation Memory Expansion slots and expansion cards Ports, buses, bays Power supply Mobile computers

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