“Yearly Employee Training ”

“Yearly Employee Training ” Presented by WEI- Human Resources and Total Compliance Network

This Presentation will cover: Introduction to Drug Testing Elements of a Drug Test Signs of a User Questions and Answers

Who uses Drugs?

These People ?

someone you know? At home or at work or bus drivers teachers ?

Who Uses DrugsLabor Dept Statistics • Construction workers 15.7% • Retail 9.5% • Hospitality 12.8% • Manufacturing or service providers 6.7% • Transportation 16.4% • General Services 6.9% • Wholesale and warehouses 8.0% Protective service workers report the lowest drug usage

Introduction to Drug Testing • DOT drug testing officially started in the late 1980’s with the introduction of the “Omnibus Employee Testing Act” under President Ronald Reagan. Congress gave authority to the DOT to implement a nationwide drug testing program for all Government contract employers. The DOT further expanded testing to include “Alcohol” in 1994 and also covered all other private industry employers under state statues permissions (non-DOT tests)

Introduction to Drug Testing In 1996 Congress implemented Drug and Alcohol testing for Non-DOT entities This Law gave all employers by state statutes the ability to implement their own drug and alcohol testing programs & receive discounts on their workers compensation insurance rates as well as a promise to all their employees to a safe work environment free of drug and violence policy. (pre-employment and random testing programs).

Drug and Alcohol Testing Approved by the State and Labor Dept Urine Based Testing: A urine based test requires the donor to provide a sample of their urine. The collection is done in a controlled environment and in private. Urine based testing is the only acceptable method allowed by the DOL at this time. Private entities (non-government related industries could use other methods such as hair, blood or detectors testing) Employees testing positive for one or more of the 5 drugs listed must be removed from their work station and applicants are ineligible for hire. Rehabilitation is required prior to entering back into regular duties for this or any employer that practice any of these drug and alcohol programs due to state regulation of releasing any records of all participants employees.

Drug and Alcohol Testing Approved by FL-DOL WEI performance alcohol testing only for reasonable suspicious reason. Alcohol Testing: Breath alcohol testing: Employees must be removed from their work station until further notice if a positive test result is in place and/or they have an alcohol concentration .02 or Greater. And must wait 24 hours until returning back to work if the results were negative. Alcohol concentration of .04 or Greater, the employee must seek rehabilitation prior to returning to any job after a positive result. WEI has a zero tolerance policy and immediate termination action if an employee is proven positive results during a testing process.

Elements of a Drug Test The Collection Site The collection site is where employers send applicants and employees for drug and or alcohol testing. All locations are under contract with Quest Diagnostic Centers. Out-of-state EE’s will be assigned to a local site at their closest area.

Split Samples Sample should always be approved by the donor when performing a drug test If the donor refutes the result, he/she can be tested at another approved lab of his/her choice for investigation compliance purposes. This process is done under the donor’s expense and WEI has no participation at all.

The Laboratory The laboratory is where the sample is sent for testing. Samples arrive from all over the country by courier and are processed. Most are screened and sent to the MRO for review within 24 to 48 hours.

The Laboratory If the sample fails the initial screen then the Sample is sent for “GCMS” testing. This can take 48 to 72 Hours before reporting the result to the MRO.

Elements of a Drug Test Medical Review Officer The Medical Review Officer “MRO” reviews all drug test results and checks them for accuracy. All Negative results are then forwarded to the employer. All direct contact info and credentials for our current MRO are listed in our D&A policy

Elements of a Drug Test Drug Test Results with Findings: All results with findings are reviewed for accuracy, paperwork is gathered, donors are contacted and asked to explain the finding. The MRO is looking for a valid Medical Explanation for the finding. If the MRO can not clear a donor with a valid medical explanation, then the result is reported to the employer as a verified Positive. This can take up to 5 working days.

Drug and Alcohol Testing Mandatory Testing Requirements: • Pre-Employment • Reasonable Suspicion • Post Accident • Return to Duty • Follow-Up These are mandatory testing requirements and must be written into the employers drug testing policy.

Drug and Alcohol Testing Pre-employment Testing: • Employers must test all applicants applying for covered positions on Federal Forms. • Employers must test and receive a negative result prior to hiring. • Applicant must be sent to the contracted collection site. • Applicants who test positive are ineligible to hire. • Any re-hire employee will be treated as new hire and must complete the pre-employment testing policy.

Drug and Alcohol Testing Reasonable Suspicion Testing: • Reasonable Suspicion calls should be made only by supervisors who have received reasonable suspicion training, “Documented”. • Employers must test employees who exhibit signs of possible drug or alcohol usage. • Employees must be sent for a drug or alcohol screen immediately. (Donor should be escorted by supervisor until test is done).

Drug and Alcohol Testing Post Accident: • WEI policy requires to perform a Post Accident Drug Test after a work accident is reported as per contract with the workers comp insurance company.

MARIJUANA: • Marijuana can stay in the body for 28 days. • It alters the sense of time and reduces the ability to perform tasks requiring concentration, quick reactions and coordination. • User fantasizes often. • Attention span is extremely short. • The user’s driving is impaired for at least 4-6 hours after 1 joint.

MARIJUANA: SIGNS OF USERS: # restlessness, inability to concentrate # increased pulse rate and blood pressure # impaired memory # attention dull # users have difficulty distinguishing between reality and fantasy

COCAINE: • Cocaine is a stimulant that increases the heart rate and blood pressure. • Cocaine is addictive. • Crack cocaine looks like a small pebble and is highly addictive. • High body temperatures can occur. • Rush of pleasurable sensations followed by the need for more.

COCAINE: SIGNS OF USERS: # impaired driving ability # mood swings # reduced sense of humor # compulsive behavior # “Superman” mentality # rapid weight loses # constant snorting # constantly wiping the nose

AMPHETAMINES: • Stimulates the central nervous system. • User loses appetite. • Increased heart rate and blood pressure. • Inability of a user to sleep. • A user has frequent anxiety attacks and is very irritable.

AMPHETAMINES: SIGNS OF USERS: # irritable, stressed # difficulty in focusing vision # nervous and impulsive # distorted thinking # exaggerated reflexes # perspiration, headaches and dizziness

OPIATES:HEROIN, MORPHINE, CODEINE • Spurts of short-lived euphoria. • Reduced ability to coordinate and concentrate. • Decreases physical control. • Impaired driving ability.

OPIATES:HEROIN, MORPHINE, CODEINE SIGNS OF USERS: #drowsiness followed by sleeping anywhere # reduced vision # change in sleeping habits # spurts of euphoria

PCP - ANGEL DUST, PHENCYCLIDINE • PCP produces violent and bizarre behavior in its users. • Alters body function so that the body operates abnormally. • Impairs driving ability. • Cause hallucinations.

PCP: ANGEL DUST, PHENCYCLIDINE SIGNS OF USERS: # violent and bizarre behavior # perspiration # repetitive speech patterns # blank stare # involuntary eye movement # hallucination

ALCOHOL • -Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant. • -It is the most widely abused drug in America. • -Over half of all auto accidents in the US are alcohol related. -Overindulgence (hangover) can cause headaches, nausea, dehydration, unclear thinking, unsettled digestion.

ALCOHOL SIGNS OF USERS: # reduced coordination and reflex action # impaired vision and judgment # hangover headaches, nausea, dehydration, unsettled digestion # body odor # staggering # drowsiness

ADDITIONAL FACTS ABOUT ALCOHOL # Coffee, cold showers and exercise do not quicken sobriety. # A 12-oz beer, 5-oz glass of wine and 1 ½ oz shot of hard liquor all contain the same amount of alcohol 0.04 concentration. # Each 1 ½ oz of hard liquor (5-oz glass of wine or 12-oz beer) takes the average 160lb male about 1 hour to process and eliminate.

Economic Cost DOL Statistics • Decreased Productivity & Efficiency Companies who have drug users realize lower productivity with more man/woman hours and more over time hours. The end result is lower profits. • Reduced Absenteeism Drug using employees are 2.2 times more likely to request early dismissal on Fridays or time off during the work week and 2.5 times more likely to be absent eight days or more a year.

Employer Economic Costfor drugs and alcohol users Tardiness Drug using employees are 3 times more likely to be late for work. Employee Theft Drug using employees are more likely to steal from the company. Drug usage erodes moral ethics. Users need to support their drug habit.

More Economic Cost • Higher Injuries • Drug using employees are 3.6 times more likely to be involved in a workplace accident and 5 times more likely to file a workers compensation claim. A drug free workplace leads to a safer work environment, less time and money spent on lost time and medical issues.

Signs of a User • Stumbling, staggered walk • Slurred speech • Disheveled look • Red – Glossy Eyes – Blank Stares • Missing Work – Always Late leaving early • Unnecessary OT- slow productivity • Un-realistic excuses for poor performance • Always borrowing money • Disappearing, not where they belong

Questions ??? Questions ?? Questions ?

“Yearly Employee Training ”

“Yearly Employee Training ”

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