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MPH 602 Public Health System

MPH 602 Public Health System. This Week’s Objectives. Describe what Public Health is and what it does Review the MPH Competencies assignment and Survey Monkey Review of ANGEL website and how to access important resources for this course. What is Public Health?. In your own words.

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MPH 602 Public Health System

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  1. MPH 602Public Health System

  2. This Week’s Objectives • Describe what Public Health is and what it does • Review the MPH Competencies assignment and Survey Monkey • Review of ANGEL website and how to access important resources for this course

  3. What is Public Health? In your own words

  4. Definitions of Public Health • Science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health and efficiency through organized community effort (Winslow, 1920) • Successive re-definings of the unacceptable (Vickers, 1958)

  5. Mission of Public Health • Fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy (Institute of Medicine, 1988)

  6. Brief History • Early influences on public health in America • Imperialism and industrialization • British influence: Jenner, Snow, Chadwick • Early public health infrastructure • Shattuck’s report • Federal public health • US Constitution • Marine Hospital Service

  7. Eras in US Public Health

  8. Key Public Health Frameworks • Ecological perspective of health • Determinants of health: biological, behavioral, social, cultural, environmental and their inter-relationships • Public Health in America document • Core functions and essential public health services • Systems perspective of public health • Logic models • Feedback loops • Stocks and flows

  9. Public Health is a system • A system is an organized collection of parts (or subsystems) that are highly integrated to accomplish an overall goal. • The system has various inputs, which go through certain processes to produce certain outputs, which together, accomplish the overall desired goal for the system. • A system is usually made up of many smaller systems, or subsystems http://managementhelp.org/systems/

  10. How does the Public Health System accomplish its mission? • Inputs • Processes • Outputs • Outcomes

  11. Systems Thinking:Logic Model Processes Inputs Outputs Outcomes Context

  12. Inputs • Human resources • Financial resources • Information resources • Technological resources • Organizational resources • Infrastructure

  13. Processes (Actions) • 3 Core Functions • 10 Essential Services • Individual Competencies

  14. Outputs are goods and services produced by the Public Health System

  15. Outputs (examples) • Policies and laws • Health education events, presentations, and communications • Prevention programs • Data analysis and epidemiological reports • Emergency notifications and alerts • Community partnerships

  16. Outcomes Healthy people in healthy communities • Reduced risk factors • Increased protective factors • Less morbidity • Less mortality • Less disability • Fewer injuries • More quality of life years

  17. Value of Public Health • Mortality and morbidity prevented • Economic benefits • Quality of life • 20th Century Achievements

  18. Life Expectancy at Birth and Infant Mortality Rates, Selected Years, U.S. Text Figure 1-1. Source: Data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States 2009. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS; 2009 and Rust G, Satcher D, Fryer GE, Levine RS, Blumenthal DS. Triangulating on success: innovation, public health, medical care, and cause-specific U.S. mortality over a half century (1950-2000). Am J Public Health. 2010;100:S95-S104.

  19. Spotlight on Infectious Diseases *Per 100. 000 population per year. † Adapted from Armstrong GL, Conn LA, Pinner RW. Trends in infectious disease mortality in the United States during the 20th century. JAMA 1999:281;61-6 § American Water Works Association. Water chlorination principles and practices: AWWA manual M20. Denver, Colorado: American Water Works Association, 1973.

  20. Ten Great Public HealthAchievements of the 20th Century • Healthier Mothers and Babies • Family Planning • Fluoridation of Drinking Water • Tobacco as a Health Hazard • Immunizations • Motor Vehicle Safety • Workplace Safety • Control of Infectious Diseases • Declines in Heart Disease and Stroke • Safer and Healthier Foods

  21. Context • Political • Economic • Social • Geographical • Environmental • Psychological • Global

  22. Public Health Code of Ethics • Humans have a right to the resources necessary for health. • Humans are inherently social and interdependent. • The effectiveness of institutions depends heavily on the public’s trust. • Collaboration is a key element to public health. • People and their physical environment are interdependent. • Each person in a community should have an opportunity to contribute to public discourse.

  23. Public Health Code of Ethics (cont’d) • Identifying and promoting the fundamental requirements for health in a community are of primary concern to public health. • Knowledge is important and powerful. • Science is the basis for much of our public health knowledge. • People are responsible to act on the basis of what they know. • Action is not based on information alone.

  24. Processes Individual competencies (knowledge, skills, and attitude) are required to perform Essential Public Health Services

  25. Master of Public HealthBenedictine University Vision: the first choice for those interested in practicing real world – real time public health. Mission: prepare graduate students to enhance health in human populations through organized community effort.

  26. Competencies • What every Master of Public Health should know and be able to do • Association of Schools of Public Health “MPH Competencies” • Courses, Learning Objectives, and Activities Develop the Competencies • Core courses (12) • Elective courses (3) • Internship and Capstone

  27. Program-level Competencies • Apply statistical reasoning and methods in addressing, analyzing and solving problems in public health; health care; and biomedical, clinical and population-based research. • Specify approaches for assessing, preventing and controlling environmental hazards that pose risks to human health and safety. • Apply the study of patterns of disease and injury in human populations to the control of health problems. • Apply the principles of program planning, development, budgeting, management and evaluation in organizational and community initiatives. • Apply principles of strategic planning and marketing to public health. • Apply quality and performance improvement concepts to address organizational performance issues. • Apply evidence-based approaches in the development and evaluation of social and behavioral science interventions. • Use informatics and communication methods to advocate for public health programs and policies. • Develop public health programs and strategies responsive to the diverse cultural values and traditions of the communities being served. • Create and communicate a shared vision for a changing future; champion solutions to organizational and community challenges and energize commitment to goals. • Plan for the design, development, implementation and evaluation of strategies to improve individual and community health. • Incorporate the biological and molecular context of public health into practice. • Recognize system level properties that result from dynamic interactions among human and social systems and how they affect relationships among individuals, groups, organizations, communities and environments. • Apply the core functions of assessment, policy development and assurance in the analysis of public health problems and their solutions. • Demonstrate ethical choices, values and professional practices implicit in public health decisions

  28. BiostatisticsEpidemiologyMethods of Research • Apply statistical methods in solving health. • Identify patterns of disease to control health problems. Competencies

  29. Courses:Health PolicyEthical and Political Issues • Demonstrate ethical practices in public health decisions • Use informatics to advocate for public health policies. Competencies

  30. Course:Cultural Context of Health • Develop public health programs responsive to diverse cultural values.

  31. Course:Environmental Health • Control environmental risks to human health and safety. Competencies

  32. Course:Management of Health Services Organizations • Apply planning, budgeting, management and evaluation skills. • Apply strategic planning and marketing to public health. • Apply quality improvement concepts. Competencies

  33. Course:Behavioral and Social Aspects of Public Health • Develop social and behavioral science interventions. Competencies

  34. Community Health Analysis • Create and communicate a shared vision for a changing future. • Implement strategies to improve individual and community health.

  35. Course:Public Health Biology • Incorporate the biological and molecular context of public health into practice.

  36. Private Nonprofit Associations Educational Institutions Official Public Health Agencies Personal Health Services Industry Other Public Sector Private Industry Community- Based Organizations Course:Public Health System • Identify system level properties that affect social systems. • Apply the core functions of assessment, policy development and assurance. Competencies

  37. MPH Competencies • Self-assessment (Excel) • Analysis of where you are now • Strengths • Weaknesses • Interests • Goals

  38. Additional Resources • http://nnlm.gov/training/publichealth/ (The field of public health encompasses a wide array of disciplines including health education, epidemiology and nursing. Digital literacy and the effective utilization of online information are among the core public health informatics competencies for the 21st century. This hands-on class will highlight web resources tailored to the public health) • John Snow Web Site. UCLA Department of Epidemiology • Public Health Code of Ethics http://www.phls.org/home/section/3-26/Public Health Leadership Society • Scott J. Leischow and Bobby Milstein. Systems Thinking and Modeling for Public Health Practice. American Journal of Public Health: March 2006, Vol. 96, No. 3, pp. 403-405. • Applications of Systems Thinking in Public Health: Creating A Roadmap for Putting Systems Thinking Approaches Into Practice http://www.eval.org/SummerInstitute07/Handouts/si07.docF.pdf

  39. Surveymonkey https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/GQ7G23Y

  40. Vision of Public Health • Healthiest Nation in One Generation - YouTube

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