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ความคลาด( Aberration)

ความคลาด( Aberration). Spherical aberration (on axis ) Coma Astigmatism (off axis ) Curvature of field Distortion Chromatic aberration. h. h. Paraxial image. Paraxial focus. Spherical aberration. Circle of least confusion. C austic. Longitudinal S.A. Traverse S.A. h.

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ความคลาด( Aberration)

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  1. ความคลาด(Aberration) • Spherical aberration (on axis) • Coma • Astigmatism (off axis) • Curvature of field • Distortion • Chromatic aberration

  2. h h Paraxial image Paraxial focus Spherical aberration

  3. Circle of least confusion Caustic Longitudinal S.A. Traverse S.A.

  4. h Negative SA Positive SA

  5. การลด S.A 1. เลือกรูปทรงความโค้งเลนส์ที่เหมาะสม 2. เลนส์ประกอบ จาก infinite conjugate lens 3. ใช้ Stop 4. ใช้ Aspherical lens แทน

  6. Shape factor

  7. hmarginal hparaxial hparaxial hmarginal Comatic aberration No SA Positive CA Negative CA

  8. Stop field stop Aperture stop จำกัดขอบเขตภาพ จำกัดปริมาณแสงไปสู่ภาพ

  9. Exit pupil Entrance pupil Aperture stop Entrance pupil Exit pupil pupil Exit pupil ภาพของAS มองจาก OBJ Entrance pupil ภาพของAS มองจาก IMG

  10. Comatic aberration (CA)

  11. Tangential section sagittal section

  12. 1 2 3 4 5 z2 z3 z1 การลด C.A 1. เลือกรูปทรงความโค้งเลนส์ที่เหมาะสม 2. เลนส์ประกอบ 2. ใช้ Stop

  13. tangential plane Sagittal plane No CA , No Asigmatism

  14. Astigmatism Fs FT Slc S

  15. Fs FT Zlc S

  16. S T T S F F Chief ray Chief ray Negative astigmatism Positive astigmatism

  17. TPS d S S p T p T F F F Dy Dx การลด Astigmatism 1. ปรับรูปทรงเลนส์ 2. เลนส์ประกอบ 3. ใช้ Stop p-->Petzval surface

  18. Curvature of field p

  19. d p f2 f1 Flattening the field (เลนส์ประกอบ) n1f1+n2f2=0

  20. Distortion orthoscopic barrel Pin cushion

  21. การแก้ Distortion ด้วย stop

  22. Slc A. ChA A. ChA A. ChA L. ChA Chromatic aberration (ChA)

  23. Achromatic doublet f1V1+f2V2=0 1 2 Abbe number (1/dispersive power)

  24. Minimum ChA

  25. Dispersive power

  26. Fraunhofer lines Dark absorption features in the solar spectrum. J. von Fraunhofer first studied them in 1814. They occur from the ultraviolet at about 180 nanometers to the infrared at 20 micrometers.

  27. Using Fraunhofer lines f1dV1d+f2dV2d=0

  28. Separated achromatic doublet 2 1 d ny~(nB+nR)/2 Using Fraunhofer lines

  29. Minimum ChA n1B= n2B n1R= n2R ,

  30. p' p c so si R Aplanatic system n2 n1 oil so

  31. A R C O I q1 q2 R R q1 q2

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