Components of a Personal Computer (PC)

1. Components of a Personal Computer (PC) Adapted from Region IV TIFF Training

2. External Parts Processing, memory & storage output output output input input input

3. Internal Parts CPU Motherboard that includes: • RAM • Processor • Sound Card • Video Graphics card • Hard Drives (system boot drive and storage- C: V: E:)

4. Hard Drive Types • SSD- Solid State • No moving parts • Expensive • Fastest

5. RAM – Computer Memory • Random access memory • Types: • Dynamic (DRAM) • Static (SRAM) • Both types lose their contents when the power is turned off.

6. ROM - Memory • Read Only Memory • Computer memory on which data has been prerecorded • Once written, it cannot be removed, only read • It retains itself after the computer is turned off • Example- BIOS

7. New Connections • Universal Serial Bus (USB) • Supports “plug and play” installations • Version 3.0 fastest- not fully implemented • IEEE 1394 (Firewire) • Fastest on the • market but more • expensive Both are“hot swappable”

8. Video Adaptors • Board/card that plugs into a PC to give it display capabilities • Three Main Types: • VGA / SVGA (Video Graphics Array) 800x600 • XGA / UXGA (eXtended graphics array) 1600x1200 • Digital DVI (digital visual interface) HDTV quality • Monitor and video card must be compatible

9. Other Computer Additions • CD-RW or ROM • DVD player/burner (ROM)/ RW • Speakers • Zip drives / External Drives • Capture cards/ game cards

10. Conversion Rates for Hardware • 8 bits = 1 byte • 1024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte • 1000 KB = 1 Megabyte • 1000 MB = 1 Gigabyte • 1000 GB = 1 Terabyte • This is system size/ capacity for the computer hardware • Important for compatibility issues when upgrading computers.

11. Local Area Networks (LANs) • Group of computers, servers, and printers connected by wiring and other hardware • Allows users to share information and communicate. • Uses CAT 5 or Cat6 cable, sometimes fiber • TCP/IP protocol

12. Wide Area Network (WANs) • Use of CAT 5/CAT6 cable or fiber optics to connect several LAN’s together to share and communicate information • World Wide Web (www) • PISD has LANS and WANS

13. Understand how to use it properly Don’t panic if something goes wrong What EXACTLY were you doing when the error occurred? WRITE IT DOWN What EXACTLY was the error message? WRITE IT DOWN What does work? What doesn’t work? What did you try? Check the physical cable connections Get someone to help. Troubleshooting Basic Computer Issues

14. Components of a Mac

15. iMacs, Mac Notebooks, storage tower, Apple tv, etc.

16. External Parts Monitor (output) Mouse (input)

17. Cables

18. FireWire • High Speed Data cable • Used to connect video cameras to computers • Also used to connect other peripherals like external drives • Hot – swappable

19. DV Cable • New connector used to connect video cameras to computers • Usually paired with FireWire

20. USB • High speed data cable • Used to connect keyboards and mice • Connects other peripherals including printers and scanners and Cameras • Hot – swappable

21. CAT 6 and CAT 5 • Data cable used to connect computers together • Called a phone line on steroids

22. RCA • Used to connect legacy appliances such as DVD and CD players, to TV’s. • Used in some audio systems

23. S-Video • Used to connect video devices such as cameras, VCR’s, and DVD players • Does NOT transmit audio

24. Phono • Older type of connector that has either mono or stereo capabilities • Used to connect microphones, headphones, and other audio products • ¼ and 1/8

25. XLR • Industry standard connection for audio products including microphones and some electronic equipment • Provides more balance to alternating current- cleaner sound

26. Coaxial • Industry standard for connecting cable tv signals to a TV or a cable modem • Used to connect VCR’s to TV’s

27. Cable Gender and other Issues • Cables can be male or female. • You cannot connect male to male or female to female. Need adapters • When connecting cables ALWAYS go OUT-to-IN or IN-to-OUT. NEVER THE SAME- damage may occur!

28. Vocabulary • antivirus (AV) software —Programs that prevent infection or scan a system to find and remove viruses. • brownouts — Temporary drop in voltage, which can sometimes cause data loss.

29. Vocabulary • CD-R (CD-recordable) — A CD drive that can record or write data to a CD. The data cannot be erased once it is written. • CD-RW (CD-rewritable) — A CD drive that can record or write data to a CD. The data can be erased and overwritten.

30. Vocabulary • firewall — Hardware or software that protects a computer or network from unauthorized access. • Green Standards — A computer or device that conforms to these standards can go into sleep mode when not in use, saving energy and helping the environment. Devices that carry the Green Star or Energy Star comply with these standards.

31. Vocabulary • hot-swappable — A device that can be plugged into a computer while it is turned on and the computer will sense the device and configure it without rebooting, or the device can be removed without an error message.

32. Vocabulary • LAN (local area network) — A computer network that covers only a small area, usually within one building. • WAN (wide area network) — A network or group of networks that span a large geographical area.

33. Mac Vocabulary • Lightning: This is the connector found on today’s most recent iPod touch, iPhone, iPad, and iPad mini models. It replaces the 30-pin dock connector found on earlier devices and iPods. The Lightning connector works regardless of which side is facing up. Like the 30-pin connector before it, the non-Lightning end of the cable sports a USB connector and lets you transfer data as well as power to an attached device.

34. Mac Vocabulary • Thunderbolt: Thunderbolt is today’s faster transfer scheme. Unlike FireWire or USB, it can handle both data and video connections simultaneously. You can string a single Thunderbolt cable between your Mac and use that connection to view the Mac’s video on the display while using the USB, FireWire, Thunderbolt, and ethernet connectors on the back of the display to attach other devices to your Mac. Thunderbolt is up to 20 times faster than USB 2.0 and up to 12 times faster than FireWire 800.

35. Mac Vocabulary • AirPort: This is Apple’s name for its Wi-Fi technology. When people talk about “turning AirPort off,” they mean that they’re turning off their Mac's Wi-Fi. • Bluetooth: Another wireless data transfer standard, Bluetooth has a shorter range (about 30 feet) than Wi-Fi. Bluetooth is commonly used to connect keyboards, mice, trackpads, headphones, speakers, other nearby computers, and some portable devices to a Mac.

36. Mac Vocabulary

37. Mac Desktop Mac programs on the Launchpad Dock is the Apple version of the Taskbar

38. Cables Cable name: How is it used in this class:

39. Cables • Cable name: How is it used in this class:

40. Cables • Cable name: How is it used in this class:

41. Cables • Cable name: How is it used in this class:

42. Cables • Cable name: How is it used in this class: