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Indrawanti Mandarukmi (10) Intan Wahyu Prabandari (11) Rani Nursari (17)

SETS. BY :. Indrawanti Mandarukmi (10) Intan Wahyu Prabandari (11) Rani Nursari (17) Rizky Sabrina (20) Indra Aulia Rahman (09). ELEMENT of A SET

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Indrawanti Mandarukmi (10) Intan Wahyu Prabandari (11) Rani Nursari (17)

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  1. SETS BY : • Indrawanti Mandarukmi (10) • Intan Wahyu Prabandari (11) • Rani Nursari (17) • Rizky Sabrina (20) • Indra Aulia Rahman (09)

  2. ELEMENT of A SET In mathematics to express element of a set the symbol is “ є” is used and to express not element of a set, the symbol “ є” is used. THE MEANING of A SETA set is the term that is used in mathematics to express a collection of objects

  3. Determine set M : {names of months having 31 days}Answer : January єM July єM February єM August єM March єM September єM April єM October єM May єM November єM June єM December єM Example :

  4. EXPRESSING SETSExpressing sets divide into : 1.By description Example : P = Prime number less than 10 2.By roster method Example : P = { 2,3,5,7 } 3.By builder notation Example : P = { x | x < 10, x prime }

  5. CARDINALITY of SETS1. P = { m, a, t, e, i, k} 2. Q = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9} 3. R = { 2, 4, 6, 8,…,20} 4. S = { 0, 1, 2, 3,…} 5. T = { 5, 10, 15, 20,…}Sets P,Q and R are called countable sets or finite sets.While sets S and T are called infinite sets.

  6. UNIVERSAL SETS The universal set or discussion universe is a set containing all elements of the set being talked about and it is denoted by U. Example : Suppose we have set P ={ 1,3,5,7 } The possible universal set of P are : 1.U = { 1,3,5,7 } 2.U = set of the first ten natural numbers 3.U = { 1,2,3,…,100 } 4.U = { 1,3,5,7,…,51 } 5.U = set of natural numbers

  7. VENN DIAGRAMThe venn diagram is the way to represent and to see the relationship between several sets is by means of Euler circles.In drawing a venn diagram, we consider the following : 1.The universal set is usually represented by a rectangle. 2.Every set under consideration is represented by a simple closed curve. 3.Each element of a set is a represented by node or point. 4.If the number of elements of a set is quite large or infinite, then each elements of a set does not need represented as a node or point.

  8. Example :If given universal set U = { a,b,c,d,e,f,g } and A = { b,d,f,g }, then the venn diagram of U is as follows : U And the venn diagram describing the relationship between sets U and A is : U A

  9. SUBSETS AND EMTY SETSA subset, No a subsetLet A and B be given sets. 1.Set A is a subset of B, written as A c B, if every element of A also an element of B. 2.Set A is not a subset of B, written as A c B, if there is an element of A which is not an element of B.

  10. Example : U A Note that : a є A and a є B, c є A and c є B, d є A and d є B. In this case, it is said that set A is a subset of set B, written as “ A c B “.

  11. EMTY SETThe emty set is the set having no elementExample : P = set of the Year IX SMP students at your school taller than 6 m. Q = set of teachers at your school less than 12 years old.Answer : Therefore, sets P and Q are called emty sets, and denoted by the symbol “ o ” or “ { } “. Thus, n ( o ) = 0, or n ({}) = 0

  12. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

  13. WE ARE SORRY IF YOU FOUND MANY MISTAKE

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