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New FOCE Projects

New FOCE Projects. Multiple Stressors Impact Coral Reefs. Global Stressors. Local Stressors. Over-fishing. Warming. Sedimentation. Increased CO 2. Nutrients. Ocean Acidification. Pollution. Sea level rise. Crown of Thorns. Storm frequency. Diseases. Pandolfi et al. 2005.

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New FOCE Projects

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  1. New FOCE Projects

  2. Multiple Stressors Impact Coral Reefs Global Stressors Local Stressors Over-fishing Warming Sedimentation Increased CO2 Nutrients Ocean Acidification Pollution Sea level rise Crown of Thorns Storm frequency Diseases Pandolfi et al. 2005 In the last 30 yrs. coral coverage has declined by 80% in the Caribbean (Gardner et al. 2003), 50% in the Indo-Pacific (Bruno & Selig 2007) and 50% on the GBR (De’ath et al. 2012)

  3. Multi-Stressor FOCE Systems • Temperature and pH: • (High Ocean Temperature) HOTFOCE : • To be deployed in Bocas del Toro, Panama • High Power Consumption!! • To be deployed in low flow environment- • Long Residence Times! • Will require large 74 kW external • Diesel Generator • Submitted to NSF in 2012 b) WARM FOCE

  4. Multi-Stressor FOCE Systems II. Hypoxia and pH: Low O2 in upwelling water Figure 1 (a) Dissolved oxygen and pH over a 5 month period off of La Jolla, CA. Semidiurnal (tidal) changes in O2 and pH are more variable at shallower depths; at deeper depths they are more stable, but experience large fluctuations over longer time scales (weeks to months). (b) Box plots of data from (a), with the centerline representing the median of the data and the box representing the range of conditions. These box plots clearly show that the pH and O2 conditions are on average lower at the deeper depths. (C. Friederet al. unpublished). Separating natural variability from OA caused by CO2 emissions requires new research tools.

  5. The Ocean Acidification and hypoxia System • for In Situ Studies (OASISS) • To be deployed long-term (5 years) at SIO in La Jolla, CA • To be deployed at 15m depth. Infrastructure on SIO pier • Used to study CA coastal organisms and ecosystem • interactions. • Submitted in 2012 and 2013 to NSF MRI will be resubmitted • in January 2014

  6. Large Number of Collaborative Studies Planned:

  7. c) Other Stressors: Nutrients- possibly with peristaltic pumps dosing Sedimentation Sewage/pathogens Others?

  8. The FUTURE FOCE: (Finding, Understanding and Testing Underwater at Risk Ecosystems with the Free Ocean Carbon Enrichment system) PI: David Kline, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, Integrative Oceanography Division, MC 0218, 9500 Gilman DriveLa Jolla, CA, 92093-0218. Tel: (858) 534-8947 | Cell: (858) 519-6160 | Email: dkline@ucsd.edu Co-PI: Greg Mitchell, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, Integrative Oceanography Division, MC 0218, 9500 Gilman DriveLa Jolla, CA, 92093-0218. Tel: (858) 534-2687 | Email: gmitchell@ucsd.edu Co-PI: Rob Dunbar (Subcontract), Stanford University, Environmental Earth Systems Science, Braun Hall (Bldg. 320), Stanford, CA, 94305-2115. Tel: (650) 725-6830 | Email: dunbar@stanford.edu Submitted to Marine Science and Technology Foundation

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