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Functional Anatomy

Functional Anatomy. Animal Surfaces and Body Systems. Any discussion of the structure and function of animals begins with an understanding of the terms dorsal, ventral, cranial or anterior, and caudal or posterior . Dorsal. Pertains to the upper surface of an animal. Ventral.

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Functional Anatomy

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  1. Functional Anatomy

  2. Animal Surfaces and Body Systems • Any discussion of the structure and function of animals begins with an understanding of the terms dorsal, ventral, cranial or anterior, and caudal or posterior.

  3. Dorsal • Pertains to the upper surface of an animal.

  4. Ventral • Relates to the lower or abdominal surface.

  5. Anterior or Cranial • Applies to the front of head of an animal.

  6. Posterior or Caudal • Pertains to the tail or rear of an animal.

  7. Intro. • Physiology, or the life functions of mammals, occurs in body systems. Nine body systems are found in animals.

  8. Skeletal Muscular Digestive Urinary Respiratory Circulatory Nervous Reproductive Endocrine Lymphatic The Ten Systems

  9. Skeletal System • Axial Skeleton: skull, spine, ribs, and breastbone, pelvis, and tail • Appendicular Skeleton: forelegs and hindlegs

  10. Muscular System • Smooth Muscles: Ex. Digestive system and uterus of females • Cardiac muscles: Found only in the heart. • Striated orSkeletal Muscles: attach to bones

  11. Mouth Tongue Esophagus Stomach Intestines (Small and Large) Anus Liver Teeth Pancreas Salivary Glands Cecum Colon Rectum Digestive System

  12. Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Urinary System

  13. Respiratory System • NOstrils • Nasal cavity • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Bronchi • Lungs • Alveoli • Bronchioles

  14. Circulatory System • Heart • Blood • Blood Vessels: arteries, capillaries, veins

  15. Nervous System • Brain • Spinal Cord • Nerve Fibers • Sensory Receptors

  16. Kidney Uterus Cervix Rectum Vulva Ovary Follicle Mammary glands Vagina Urethra Bladder Ureter Fallopian Tube Corpus luteum Infundibulum Oviducts Placenta Reproductive System-Female

  17. Female Repro Tract

  18. Testicles Scrotum Urethra Retractor Cowper’s gland Prostate gland Seminal vesicle Accessory glands Sigmoid flexure Bladder Kidney Ureter Vas defrens Epididymis Glans penis Prepuce (sheath) Leydig’s cells Reproductive System-Male

  19. Male Reproductive Tract

  20. Testis (male) Pancreas Thymus Trachea Thyroid Pituitary Adreanal Glands Adrenal Kidney Corpus Luteum Ovary (female) Follicle Vassopressin Protaglandin Endocrine System

  21. Lymphatic System • Works with the circulatory system • Where are your lymph nodes?

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