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THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GREEK STATE

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GREEK STATE. PREHISTORY.

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THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GREEK STATE

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  1. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GREEK STATE

  2. PREHISTORY According to archaeological findings, life in the Greek area began 100.000 years ago. The era that is most interesting, however, is the one that starts in 1900 BC, when the first palaces in Crete were built, and lasts up to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 BC. The first prehistoric civilizations, namely the Cycladic and the Minoan as well as the Mycenaean, which appeared later, and the descent of the Dorian’s, set the grounds of the Greek civilization.

  3. The descent of the Dorian’s

  4. HELLENISTIC ERA The era that starts from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and ends with the seizure of Egypt from the Romans, is named Hellenistic. During this era Alexander the Great and his vast kingdom, penetrated into the deepest parts of Asia and managed to get the Greek culture through, without destroying the cultural elements of the eastern world. He left behind a tremendous spiritual and cultural inheritance and he established the Greek as the common language.

  5. ROMAN ERA Greece was conquered by the Romans in 146 BC. Although Greece was just a part of the Roman Empire, the Greek civilization continued to prevail in the East Mediterranean. When the Empire was split in two, the eastern one, which was later named Byzantine Empire and its capital was Constantinople, had vivid Greek elements, especially due to the language.

  6. BYZANTINE ERA Byzantium was established in 659 BC. Its capital was Constantinople or New Rome. The flourishment of Constantinople aided the growth in all of today’s north Greece and Thessaloniki got the title of “co-reigning city”. In reality, though, through the ages, the Byzantine Empire was becoming smaller and smaller until it came down to one area only, Constantinople, which was seized by the Ottoman Empire after its fall by the Turkish in May 29th 1453. Gradually, Byzantium was totally conquered in the 15th century. Big areas of Greece were conquered by the Ottomans. The Turkish dominance continued up to 1821, when the Greeks rebelled for their independence.

  7. MODERN ERA The independence of the greek state was recognized and Nafplio was nominated as its capital. Greece tried to append all the territories that still belonged to the Ottoman Empire and still had Greek citizens. That was partly accomplished by taking part in the Balkan Wars and the World War I. The shift of interests in the East Mediterranean led to the disaster of Asia Minor (1914-1923) and the emigration of 1 million refugees in Greece.

  8. THE GREEK STATE

  9. Greece is a country of the Northeastern Europe and its capital is Athens. It borders on Albania in the Northwest, on Bulgaria and the Republic of Macedonia in the North and on Turkey in the Northeast. The Aegean Sea is in the East, the Ionian Sea in the West and the Mediterranean Sea in the South. Greece has many islands, about 2500, 165 of which are inhabited, including Crete, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades and the Ionian islands among others. Democracy and Philosophy were born in Greece. Moreover, Greece is the birthplace of the Olympic Games, of drama, tragedy and comedy. It became part of the European Union in 1981, of the Eurozone in 2001, of NATO in 1952 and has been a founder of the United Nations since 1945.

  10. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!!

  11. This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

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