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Information Systems

Information Systems. Unit 4. 4.1 Introduction to System. Period One. What is a System?. A system is a collection of inter related components that work together to perform a specific task. What are the examples for Systems?. Human body Plant School Office. End Show.

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Information Systems

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  1. Information Systems Unit 4

  2. 4.1 Introduction to System Period One

  3. What is a System? A system is a collection of inter related components that work together to perform a specific task.

  4. What are the examples for Systems? Human body Plant School Office

  5. End Show What is a subsystem? Each component of a system is a subsystem and carries out a part (sub task) of the system task

  6. If we consider human body it has following subsystems • Blood Circulatory System • Digestive System • Respiratory System • Nervous System etc…

  7. Blood Circulatory System Function Blood circulation Components Heart Arteries Veins

  8. Digestive System Function Digesting Food Components Mouth Stomach Intestine

  9. Respiratory System Function Inspiration & Expiration Components Lungs Trachea Bronchii

  10. Nervous System Function Coordination Components Brain Nervous

  11. Digestive System Circulatory System Nervous System Respiratory System A Collection of Subsystems comprises a system Human System

  12. Digestive System Circulatory System Nervous System Respiratory System Sub systems carry out a part of the system task Subsystem Task Circulating blood Digesting Food Coordinating Inspiration & expiration

  13. School System subsystems. • Teaching & Learning • Sports & Games • Aesthetics • Extra Curricular Activities • Management

  14. Subsystems carry out part of the system task Subsystem Task Develop Knowledge,skills,attitudes Teaching & Learning Maintain Physical & Mental Health Sports & Games Appreciating Music ,Atrs , Dancing ect.. Aesthetics Coordinate Human & Physical Resources Management

  15. Hospital System. subsystems. • Out door Patients Department • Residential Patients Department • Pharmacy • Intensive Care Unit • Operation Theatre

  16. O.P.D R.P.D Pharmacy I.C.U Subsystems carry out part of the system task Subsystem Task Treating minor illnesses Treating Serious illnesses Dispense Drugs & Medicals Handle Serious cases

  17. Systems H U M A N S C H O O L H O S P I T A L Subsystems Subsystems Subsystems Teaching & Learning O.P.D Circularly System Sports & Games Aesthetics R . P.D. Digestive System Nerve System Management Pharmacy Extra Curricular Activities I.C. U. Respiratory System Operation Theatre

  18. Post office System Subsystems Incoming Mail Outgoing Mail Money Transactions Saving Bank

  19. Super Market System Subsystems Sales Department Purchasing Department Accounts Department Customer Relations Security Section

  20. Home Work Introduce one of the systems and name its subsystems System Tasks Subsystem

  21. A System has components (sub systems) • Lets identify the components in aschool Components Teaching & Learning Aesthetics Sports Section Management

  22. A System has components (sub systems)…….. • Lets identify the components in a hospital Components Out door patient Department Residental Patient department Dispensary Intensive Care Unit

  23. In a system, components are interrelated and have Relationships Components and its relationships in human system Circularly System Digestive System Respiratory System Nerve System

  24. Lets identify the relationships in aschool Components and its Relationship in a school system Teaching & Learning Aesthetics Management Sports Section

  25. System boundary and its Environment • System boundry seperates the system from its Environment SYSTEM BOUNDARY in human system RELATIONSHIPS Circularly System Components Respiratory System Digestive System Components Relationship Components Nerve System Skin Components Boundary Environment

  26. System boundary and its Environment • Lets identify the Boundary and enviornment in aschool Teaching & Learning Relationship Components Relationship Management Aesthetics Components Relationship Components Relationship Relationship Sports Section Components Boundary Environment

  27. System boundary and its Environment Boundary and enviornment i hospital Out Door Patient Depatment Relationship Relationship Components Intensive Care unit Dispensary Components Relationship Components Relationship Relationship Residential Patient Department Components Boundary Environment

  28. Summery………. • A system is a collection of interrelated components • that work together to perform a specific task. • A System has components and they are interrelated • These components are called subsystems • Subsystems carry out part of the system task • System boundry seperates the system from its • Environment

  29. Evaluation • Define a system ? • Give three examples for systems ? • (3) What is a subsystems ? • (4) What is the system boundary ? • (5) Draw a diagram of a system

  30. Elements of a System ……….. ? There are three elements in every system. They are Input , Processing , Output Input Processing Output

  31. Inputs Inputs are taken by the system to its processes System Environment

  32. Output … After processing the inputs, system returns outputs to the environment A System Environment

  33. Elements of the HumanSystem • Food • Water • Oxygen • Medicine Input Processing HumanSystem • Energy • Heat • Waste • Carbon dioxide Output

  34. Elements of the SchoolSystem ? • Students • Teachers • Administrators • Teaching tools Input • Examinations • Presentations • Seminars • Class assignments • Training students in the • various disciplines SchoolSystem Processing • Educated • Students Output

  35. Home Work Consider a hospital as system and define its Objective , inputs, Processing and outputs. Hospital System : Objective : ________________________________ Processing : # _____________________ # _______________________ # ________________________ Inputs : # _____________________ # _______________________ # ________________________ outputs :# _____________________ # _______________________ # ________________________

  36. D I S C U S S I O N Consider a hospital as system and define its Objective , inputs, Processing and outputs. Hospital System : Objective : provide quality medical service Inputs : Processing : outputs : consultation, medical examination, x-rays, testing, treatment, surgery, patient care patients doctors Nurses drugs equipment recovered patients (or sometimes deaths

  37. Inputs and Outputs in Components …………. Since components are connected with in a system , Output of one subsystem may be an input to another A S Y S T E M Component 1 Component 2 Component 3 Input Output Input Output Input Output

  38. Inputs and Outputs in Components …………. Since components are connected with in a system , Output of one subsystem may be an input to another H U M A N S Y S T E M O2 Co2 Co2 Lungs Heart Cells Input Output Input Output Input Output

  39. Open and Close Systems …… Open Open Systems An open system receivesinputs from its environment and returnsoutputs to the environment. Processing Inputs Outputs Environment Environment An Open system

  40. Open and Close Systems …… Close Systems A close systems have only internal process. No inputs from its environment and no outputreturns to the environment. Processing Inputs Outputs Environment Environment A close System

  41. Assessment • Define a System and describe its • Objective • Sub Systems • Inputs • Processing • Outputs • System Boundary • Environment

  42. 4.3. Information Systems What is an Information System? An information system is an arrangement of people, data, processes, interfaces, networks and technology that are integrated for the purpose of supporting and improving the day-to-day operations in a business.

  43. Information Systems… Data versusInformation Data Raw facts about the organization and its business transactions. Information Data that has been refined and organized by processing and purposeful intelligence.

  44. Information Systems…. An information system can be a manual information system or a computer based information system.

  45. Information Systems…. Manual Information Systems File storage devices, manual procedures and papers are the vital components of a manual information system.

  46. Information Systems…. Manual Information Systems Advantages • The manual information system is flexible. • In a manual information system, the judgments and decisions can be taken easily with the help of the guidance of human beings.

  47. Information Systems… Manual Information Systems– Disadvantages • Human beings are unreliable. • The human mind is slow in performing arithmetic operations • The humans are subjected to fatigue and boredom.

  48. Information Systems… Computer-based Information Systems Computer-based information systems can replace manual information systems. Here our primary concern is on computer-based information systems.

  49. Information Systems… People (programmers, managers, or users) Hardware (machines) Software (instructions or programs) Procedures (rules), Data and Information. A computer-based information system involves sixinterdependent components:

  50. 4.2 Types of processing Systems • Batch processing • On line Real time processing

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