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Introduction to General Linguistics

Introduction to General Linguistics. Deny A. Kwary www.kwary.net. The Textbooks. Contemporary Linguistics By. O’Grady, Dobrovolsky, and Katamba Introduction to Language By. Fromkin, Rodman, and Hyams. The Course Materials. Open: www.kwary.net Click: Linguistics

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Introduction to General Linguistics

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  1. Introduction to General Linguistics Deny A. Kwary www.kwary.net

  2. The Textbooks • Contemporary Linguistics • By. O’Grady, Dobrovolsky, and Katamba • Introduction to Language • By. Fromkin, Rodman, and Hyams

  3. The Course Materials • Open: www.kwary.net • Click: Linguistics • Click: General Linguistics • Download the lecture materials

  4. The Evaluation • 40% Midterm Test • 10% Assignment • 50% Final Test

  5. What is Language? Language is the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.

  6. The Creativity Aspect of Language • Human language must be creative: allowing novelty and innovation is response to new thoughts, experiences, and situations

  7. Linguistic Knowledge • Knowledge of the Sound System: Knowing what sounds are in that language and what sounds are not. • Knowledge of Words: Knowing the sound units that are related to specific meanings. • Knowledge of Sentences: Knowing how to form sentences.

  8. Linguistic Performance: How you use this knowledge in actual speech production and comprehension. Linguistic Competence: What you know about a language.

  9. Prescriptive Grammar • 1762; Bishop Robert Lowth; A Short Introduction to English Grammar with Critical Notes. • I don’t have none  • You was wrong  • Mathilda is fatter than me  I don’t have any You were wrong Mathilda is fatter than I • Many of those rules were based on Latin grammar. Latin was assumed as the respected scientific language in the 15th – 17th Centuries.

  10. Descriptive Grammar • 1985; Randolph Quirk, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik; A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. • Based on a corpus of actual spoken and written English.

  11. The Components of a Grammar • Phonetics: the articulation and perception of speech sounds. • Phonology: the patterning of speech sounds • Morphology: word formation • Syntax: sentence formation • Semantics: the interpretation of words and sentences

  12. That’s all for today See you next week… www.kwary.net

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