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THE ATOM!

THE ATOM!. BUILDING BLOCKS OF MATTER. Rutherford!. The gold foil experiment Shot alpha particles (helium nuclei) at gold foil. Mass number. 4. 2+. charge. 97% of the time the alpha particle went straight through. 2.7% of the time the alpha particle was deflected.

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THE ATOM!

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  1. THE ATOM! BUILDING BLOCKS OF MATTER

  2. Rutherford! • The gold foil experiment • Shot alpha particles (helium nuclei) at gold foil Mass number 4 2+ charge

  3. 97% of the time the alpha particle went straight through 2.7% of the time the alpha particle was deflected 0.3% of the time the alpha particle bounced back Lead box containing alpha particle source Scintillation screen Gold foil

  4. Turn foil so you are looking at the edge. Then magnify!

  5. Cross section of gold foil (Magnified x1012) Alpha particle source

  6. Rutherford’s Results • Most of the atom is? • Empty space • In the center of the atom is? • Nucleus • With a charge of ? • Positive (due to PROTONS, the second particle)

  7. The Third Particle • Rutherford’s co-worker James Chadwick discovered the NEUTRON! • The NEUTRON has a ________charge. NEUTRAL

  8. If its mostly empty space then how are things solid?

  9. electron Relative Mass: Animal analogy p+ n0 2 amu (atomic mass unit) 1 amu (atomic mass unit) 1Protons and 1Neutron

  10. Properties of Subatomic Particles

  11. Atomic Number

  12. Atomic Number = # of Protons = # of Electrons =

  13. Practice Write down the symbol, NAME, atomic number, protons, and electrons for the following. • W • Au • U • Fr • Dy • 34 p+ • 100 e- • Atomic number 11 • 50 p+ • 47 e-

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