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Social and Economic Data

This study aims to analyze agricultural policy, climate variability impact, vulnerability factors, and future development in agriculture. Data collection includes national and regional socioeconomic indicators and survey data from agricultural producers. The focus is on economic, social, and environmental aspects for climate adaptation. The research includes historical climate events and interviews with industry representatives.

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Social and Economic Data

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  1. Social and Economic Data • Goals: • To analyze socioeconomic trends and variability (focusing on agricultural policy) for agriculture and agricultural producers for the last thirty years. • To evaluate current situation of agriculture and agricultural producers and their adaptive capacity to climate variability. • Based on this evaluation, to envision possible directions of development in the sector • To determine main causal factors of vulnerability.

  2. Social and Economic Information • Activities: Data collection at two leves: • National (from secondary data) General: GDP, unemployement rate, human development indicators, etc. Specific to Agriculture: production and productivity, relative prices for agriculture, insurance and credit markets, available technologies, etc. • Regional (study site) General (from secondary data): population, migration, evolution of industrial and service sectors, etc. Specific to Agriculture at farm level (from survey):

  3. Social and Economic Information SurveyData from agricultural producers • Economic: financial and economic situation, productive organization, hired labor / family labor, other sources of income, etc. • Social: educational levels, household size, family migration trends, participation in farmers’ corporations, etc. • Environmental: land degradation, agrochemical use, underground water availability, etc. • Specific Resources for adaptation to climate: irrigation system, farm insurance, crop varieties, technical assistance, use of climate information, etc. • Farmers perceptions on climate impacts: adverse climatic events, frenquency and magnitude, kind of damage, etc.

  4. 1980 Sequía (mar -mayo 82) 82 84 Sequía Brasil Calor, frio, lluvias dañosos (nov-dic 86) 86 88 Helada severa (dic 89) 1990 Sequía (otoño 90) 92 94 Ola de calor (mayo 95) 96 Lluvias fuertes (mayo 97), huracán Paulina (oct), helada (dic) 98 Sequía (mayo-jun 98), Heladas (oct 99) 2000 Sequía (abr. 00) Problemas en comercialización, incrementos en costos de producción enfoque en cantidad, no calidad Escazes en mano de obra. Problemas financieros. Precios se desrumban. Emigración. Costos se incrementan Caída en los precios Desaparación del sistema de cuotas Re-estructuración de INMECAFE Sector social no maneja bien beneficios. Problemas de calidad. Venta de terrenos. Emigración. Caída en precios Solidaridad, Art. 27 Crisis, rescate, nueva política Repunte La broca Caída en precios Buscan alternativas

  5. Caso de Café Metodos • Revisión de Diario de Xalapa, 1980-2002 • Entrevistas con representantes del sector (20) • Colaboración con INIFAP (sector público) • Análisis sobre la fenología del café (Dra. Lourdes Villers y NancyArizpe) • Correlación de datos precios, superficie cosechada, y precipitación (estatal y nacional) • Encuestas en dos comunidades (60 total) • Grupos focales en el tema de clima-café (Con INIFAP)

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