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5.1 化学反应的平衡条件

化学反应. a A ＋ b B ＝ y Y ＋ zZ. 第五章 化学平衡. 5.1 化学反应的平衡条件. Δ r G m ＝ 0  达到平衡 ；. Δ r G m ＞ 0  反向自发 ；. Δ r G m ＜ 0  正向自发 。. d ξ ＝ d n B / ν B. a A ＋ b B ＝ y Y ＋ zZ. d G T ， P ＝（ yμ Y ＋ zμ Z － aμ A － bμ B )d ξ. d G T ， P ＝ Δ r G m d ξ . Δ r G ＝ Δ r G m Δ ξ. Δ r G m  ( T ).

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5.1 化学反应的平衡条件

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  1. 化学反应 aA＋bB＝yY＋zZ 第五章 化学平衡 5.1 化学反应的平衡条件 ΔrGm＝0 达到平衡； ΔrGm＞0  反向自发 ； ΔrGm＜0  正向自发 。

  2. dξ＝dnB/νB aA＋bB＝yY＋zZ dGT，P＝（yμY＋zμZ－aμA－bμB)dξ dGT，P＝ΔrGmdξ ΔrG＝ΔrGmΔξ

  3. ΔrGm(T) 5.2 理想气体的平衡 aA(g) ＋bB (g) ＝yY (g) ＋zZ (g) ΔrGm (T) — 化学反应的标准摩尔吉布斯函数

  4. 平衡 ΔrG m =0 标准平衡常数 K(T)＝exp[－ΔrGm (T)/RT]

  5. K ＞ J  K ＜ J  分压比 K＝ J  平衡 ；

  6. Perfect gas Real gas Ideal solution and dilute solution aB=cB Pure liquid or solid aB=1 5.3 一般反应 aA(aA) ＋bB (aB) ＝yY (aY) ＋zZ (aZ)

  7. (1) (2) 5.4 标准平衡常数 aA(aA) ＋bB (aB) ＝yY (aY) ＋zZ (aZ)

  8. 5.5 Van’t Hoff方程

  9. lnK 不定积分形式 定积分形式 ΔrHm= 常数

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