1 / 27

MODAL VERBS

MODAL VERBS. BY FERNANDO SANTIAGO and JOSE LUIS LÓPEZ. WHAT ARE MODAL VERBS?. Modal verbs are unusual verbs that express modality . . DIFFERENCES WITH OTHER VERBS. They have some differences from normal verbs, the most important one is :

sue
Download Presentation

MODAL VERBS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. MODAL VERBS BY FERNANDO SANTIAGO and JOSE LUIS LÓPEZ

  2. WHAT ARE MODAL VERBS? • Modal verbs are unusual verbs that express modality.

  3. DIFFERENCES WITH OTHER VERBS • They have some differences from normal verbs, the most important oneis: • Modal verbs do not take "-s" in the third person in singular. • Examples: • He can  speak Chinese. • She should  be here by 9:00.

  4. MODAL VERBS IN PAST Hadto: • SorryI’m late, I hadto post some letters..

  5. Should have and oughtto have: • The parcel I sentyoushould have arrivedbynow. • Youshouldn’t have eaten so muchlastnight. • I should have thoughtyouknew. • Itwasstrange that youshould have beenstaying in the same hotel lastyear. • I’ve done the washing up foryou. –Oh, youreallyshouldn’t have!

  6. Could have and couldn’t have: • David could have won the raceif he hadtried. (possibility/ability)Itcould have beenSue, I suppose. (uncertainty) • Wecouldn’t have beenhappier in thosedays. • Shecould have goneto the party with herfriends. (bus shedidn’t)

  7. Could: • When I was sixteen I couldstayouttill 11.00. (I wasallowedto)Mary couldswimwhenshewasthree. (sheactuallydid)Compare: Mary could have swumwhen se wasthree. (butshedidn’t) May have and might have: • Youmight havedrowned! • I suppose I may have beenrathercritical. • They mightnot have receivedourletteryet.

  8. Youmight have toldme my trousersweresplit! • I might have known that he wouldbe late. Must have and can’t have • Someonemust have takenit. (I am suretheydid)Youcan’t have lostit. (I am sureyoudidn’t) • Surelyyoucan’t haveeatenall of it!Surelyyoumust havenoticedit!

  9. Wouldnot: • Everyonewasangrybecause Sam wouldn’tturn off the television. Would have: • I would have acceptedthisjob, but I didn’twanttomovehouse. • A: Someonecalledafteryouleftbutdidn’tleave a message.B: That would have beenCathy, probably.

  10. Needn’t have and didn’tneedto: • Youneedn’t have paidall at once. (youdidpay) • I didn’tneedtogoto the dentistagain, luckily. Adverbs and modals: • Youcouleasily have beenkilled. I mightjusttake up on that.Youcouldn’treally have managedwithout me. I mightwell decide to come.

  11. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT Don’thaveto and Mustnot • Don’thaveto and mustnot: • Don’thaveto: • Youdon’thavetoworktomorrow

  12. Don’thaveto and Mustnot • Mustnot • Youmustnotleavetheroomuntilwefinishourpresentation

  13. MODAL VERBS IN PRESENT AND FUTURE Should • Expectation: • This film *shouldbeverygood • Recommendation • I thinkyou*shouldtalkitover with yourparents • Criticism of anaction • You *shouldn’teat so much late at night

  14. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Should • Uncertainty • Should I leavethispapersonthedesk? • Should and verbs of thinking • I shouldthinkthatmodelwouldsell quite well • Conditionalsentences

  15. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Could • Isusedtoexpresspossibilityoruncertainty • Thiscouldbethehouse • Toexpresspossibilityorimpossibility • Thesituationcouldn’tbeworse

  16. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Could • Tomakesuggestions • Wecouldgotoseethat film • Toexpressunwillingness • I couldn’tpossiblyleave Tim hereonhisown

  17. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Can • Tomakecriticism • You can beveryannoying, youknow! • Torefertocapability • Winter here can bereallycold

  18. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Must and can’t • Theyonlyrefertopresent time. Ifthey are expressingcertainty, they are opposites: • Thismustbeour stop • Thiscan’tbeour stop

  19. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE May and might • Toexpressalthoughclauses • Shemaybetheboss, butthatis no excuse forshoutinglikethat • May/might as well • Nobodyelseisgoingtoturn up nowforthelesson, so youmay as wellgo home

  20. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE May and might • Bothexpressuncertainty. Mayisoftenused in formal language • Thepeaceconferencemayfind a solutiontotheproblem • Special use: • Try as I might, I couldnotpass my driving test

  21. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Shall • Toemphasizesomethingthatthe speaker wantstohappen • I shallgive up smoking thisyear • Formal rules and regulations • No playershall pick up ormovetheball of anotherplayer

  22. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Will • Toexpressanassumption • Subject A: Thephone’sringing • Subejct B: that’llbefor me • Will/won`t can beusedtoemphasizeanaction, forbidit in response to a willaction • I’lltakethemoneyanyway! • Youwon’t • I will

  23. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Would • Oftenusedwhere a conditionalsenseisunderstoodbutnotstated • Nobodywouldagreethat idea

  24. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Need and needto • Needtois a modal auxilary and behaveslikea normal verb • Do youneedto use thephotocopier? • Needis a modal auxiliary, butmainly in question and negativeforms • Needyoumake so muchnoise?

  25. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Dare • Can beanintransitiveverbfollowedbyinfinitivewith “to” • I didn’tdaretosayanything • It can alsobe a modal auxiliary, mainly in questions and negatives • Shedarenotrefuse

  26. MODAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE Non-modal expressions • Hadbetter: recommendation • You’dbetternotphoneheragain • Be boundto: makes a futureprediction of certainty • It’sboundto rain tomorrow

  27. Exercises • http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal1.htm • http://www.mansioningles.com/gram62.htm

More Related