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Understanding Efficacy of Cancer Caregiver Support Group Programme in Singapore

This study delves into the impact of a support group programme for cancer caregivers in Singapore, exploring motivational factors, cultural norms, and psychological outcomes. Mixed methods are used to analyze the effectiveness of the programme in meeting caregivers' needs. Preliminary findings indicate positive correlations between intrinsic motivations and improved outcomes.

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Understanding Efficacy of Cancer Caregiver Support Group Programme in Singapore

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  1. Practices, Norms and Options: a Mixed Methods Study on the Efficacy of a Support Group Programmefor Cancer Caregivers On behalf of the research team at the National University Hospital: A/P RathiMahendran A/P KonstadinaGriva Joanne Chua Haikel Lim Joyce Tan Supported by National University Cancer Institute (Singapore) Seed Fund 30 June 2014, University of Sheffield Presented by Huiying Ng

  2. Overview • Background: Conceptual Beginnings • Context: Caregiving in Singapore • Challenge #1: Finding a theoretical framework (and introduction to SDT) • Methodology: Mixed Methods • Challenges and Solutions Adopted • Preliminary Findings • Methodological Recommendations

  3. Self-realisation Fulfillment Collective identity Individual identities

  4. Norms • Options • Habitus

  5. Caregiving in Singapore • “Family” / “informal” caregivers • Low public awareness of caregivers’ psychological support need • Filial piety and family obligation • Disinclination to speak about cancer

  6. Self-determination Theory • Motivation • Autonomy • Competence • Relatedness Basic Psychological Needs

  7. Research Aims • How a supportive social environment may assist caregivers in achieving better psychological resilience, namely through providing autonomy support, interpersonal involvement and a structured framework for caregiving • How these aspects of the social environment interact with caregiving motivations to result in psychological outcomes • The qualitative form that such a social environment would take.

  8. Methodology Qualitative Quantitative • Semi-structured interview • Pre-intervention • Challenges faced • Family support • Caregiving disruption to life goals • Expectations of group • Post-intervention • “What did you like or not like about the support group?” • Improvements • Met expectations?

  9. Quantitative Measures

  10. Thematic Analysis

  11. Challenges and Solutions Qualitative: • Citing family ties as a reason for caregiving—not explicitly value-laden • Citing filial obligation—which is value-laden—how do we decide if someone is falling on the maladaptive side of a social norm? • Choice to use semantic meanings rather than latent meanings Mixed methods: • People mention different motivations all across the duration of the interview. How do we rank people by their level of motivation? • Goals: goal alignment, goal conflict, reprioritization, shifting goals, goals are unclear. Can we code these into analyzable categories? • How to relate personal goals todesires and motivation?

  12. Ng, J. Y. Y., Ntoumanis, N., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., Duda, J. L., & Williams, G. C. (2012). Self-Determination Theory Applied to Health Contexts: A Meta-Analysis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7(4), 325–340. doi:10.1177/1745691612447309

  13. Preliminary Findings • Preliminary analysis focuses on motivations and cultural issues • Does the group relate to better wellbeing? • Yes: group provides caregivers with expert information, reminders of self-care tips, role models and downward social comparison, and an understanding that they are not alone. • Yes; quantitatively, the group increased positive adaptation scores.

  14. Preliminary Findings • How do our qualitative and quantitative findings complement each other? • Qualitative findings suggest that caregivers’ motivations for caregiving may influence the benefits they draw from the group, as well as their support needs • Motivations for caregiving fell under two broad categories: externally regulated motivations (FP or family obligations) and intrinsic motivation (pleasure of caring). • Quantitatively, more internal motivations correlated with more positive outcomes and fewer negative outcomes

  15. Pre-intervention Post-intervention Motivations for caregiving r = .856 r = -.799 + Basic Psychological Needs + Basic Psychological Needs r = .910 + Autonomy r = .812 - Financial Concerns + Relatedness r = .969 - Stress r = -.917

  16. Further steps • Socio-cultural norms may interact with individual motivations to influence caregiver distress, the support they receive from the group, and improvements in outcomes. • Norms? Caregiver post-intervention outcomes may relate to their initial levels of motivation • Further analysis: • Qualitative benefits of the support group • Relation of qualitative aspects with basic psychological needs (BPN) • Relation of qualitative aspects with caregiver outcomes • Relation of qualitative and BPN with caregiver outcomes • Interaction of qualitative aspects and motivations to affect outcomes

  17. Thank you for listening! Questions?

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