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Classification of Matter

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Classification of Matter. Matter. Mixture. Pure Substance. Homogeneous (solution). Heterogeneous (mechanical mixture). Element. Compound. Classification of Matter (Alternate). Matter. Homogeneous. Heterogeneous. Mixture. Pure Substance. Element. Compound. Physical properties.

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Classification of Matter

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  1. Classification of Matter Matter Mixture Pure Substance Homogeneous (solution) Heterogeneous (mechanical mixture) Element Compound

  2. Classification of Matter (Alternate) Matter Homogeneous Heterogeneous Mixture Pure Substance Element Compound

  3. Physical properties • A physical property is any aspect of matter that can be measured or seen without changing the composition of the matter. • Qualitative • Odor, color, texture, state, malleability • Quantitative • Melting point, boiling point, density, mass

  4. Physical Change • Does not change the composition of the matter - doesn't change what the substance is • In a mixture, individual components retain properties of the original mixture; e.g. dissolving salt in water • Change of state (melting, freezing, etc.) is an example of a physical change

  5. Physical Separation • Separating a mixture based on physical properties • Involves a physical change only (not chemical) • Individual components have properties of the mixture • Examples: • Filtration • Using magnetic properties • Sedimentation, using density differences

  6. Chemical Properties • A chemical property is any property of matter that becomes evident during a chemical reaction. • Can only be measured by changing a substance's chemical identity. • Chemical properties cannot be determined just by viewing or touching the matter.

  7. Chemical Change • A new substance is formed and energy is either given off or absorbed • Involves energy • If heat is given off during the reaction, than the reaction is considered to be exothermic. • If heat is required for the reaction, than the reaction is considered to be endothermic. • Composition of the substance is altered • New substances are produced with properties different from the original substance • Not easily reversed

  8. Evidence of Chemical Change • The following may indicate that a chemical change has occurred • Colour Change • Temperature Change • Odour Given Off • Precipitate is Formed • Gas Produced • Any new substance produced • Examples • Burning • Metal in acid • Electrolysis of water

  9. Chemical Separation • Separating a substance using a chemical change • Can be used to separate compounds

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