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T he O rthopedic E valuation of T he C hild

This article provides an overview of the orthopedic evaluation of children, including the orthopedic history, growth and development, range of motion, muscle strength, reflexes, and X-ray examination. It covers various conditions and syndromes related to different body parts.

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T he O rthopedic E valuation of T he C hild

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  1. The Orthopedic Evaluation of The Child 06/02/2007

  2. The Orthopedic History • The chief complain. • History of present illness. • Birth history. • Family history. • Growth and development.

  3. Growth and Development

  4. Normal Control Progress

  5. Gross Motor Skills

  6. Head-to-Trunk Proportion

  7. Secondary centers of ossification

  8. Secondary centers of ossification

  9. The Tanner’s Stages of Development

  10. General Principles • Inspection (Angular deformities, Skin lesions…) • Joints Range of Motion. • Grading of Muscle Strength. • Developmental Reflexes.

  11. The Neck

  12. Range of Motion

  13. The Muscular Torticollis

  14. Klippel-Feil Syndrome

  15. The Shoulder

  16. Range of Motion

  17. X-ray Examination 6 – 18 m. Birth – 3 m.

  18. Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy

  19. Congenital High Scapula(Sprengel’s deformity)

  20. CONGENITAL PSEUDARTHROSIS OF CLAVICLE

  21. The Elbow

  22. Range of Motion

  23. The Carrying Angle - 15 degrees in the newborn - 17.8 degrees in adults

  24. X-ray Examination CRITOE

  25. X-ray Examination

  26. X-ray Examination

  27. Congenital Radial Head Dislocation

  28. Congenital Radial Head Dislocation E.D. syn. Arthrogryposis Larsen’s syn.

  29. The Hand

  30. X-ray Examination

  31. Madelung Deformity

  32. Polydactyly

  33. Syndactyly

  34. Macrodactyly

  35. The Spine

  36. InspectionScoliosis Adams forward bending test

  37. Inspection - Kyphosis

  38. Radiographic Evaluation

  39. Risser Sign

  40. The Hip

  41. DDH – The Newborn Barlow – Ortolani

  42. DDH – The Infant Limited Abduction

  43. DDH – The Infant Galeazzi Sign Asymmetry of the Thigh Folds

  44. DDH – The Infant Klisic Sign

  45. Contractures

  46. Contractures Signe du trépied

  47. Contractures Ely Test

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