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Comprehensive Guide to Contaminated Land Remediation Methods

Explore engineering, biological, physical, chemical, and thermal methods for remediating contaminated land. Learn about policy, legal aspects, and innovative technologies. Discover various remediation strategies, technologies, and their advantages and disadvantages.

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Comprehensive Guide to Contaminated Land Remediation Methods

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  1. Remediation of Contaminated Land • Introduction • Engineering Methods • Biological methods • Physical/ Chemical/ Thermal

  2. Contaminated Land Remediation References http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/p.j.sallis/USER/PASSWORD = cassie • Policy and Legal • Converging Policy Approaches to Contaminated land - Paul Steadman (see copy at http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/p.j.sallis/teach.html) • http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/gwcl/LC_Policy.htm • Contaminated Land -Tom Graham • Contaminated Land - Stephen Tromans & R Turrall-Clarke • Remediation • Reclamation of contaminated land Paul C Nathanail (2004) • Selection of remedial treatments for Contaminated Land D Rudland (2004) • Geoenvironmental Engineering H Sharma & KR Reddy (2004) • Natural & enhanced remediation systems S Suthersan (2002) • Remedial processes for contaminated land DEvans (2001) • Remediation engineering of contaminated soilsDonald L. Wise (2000) • Contaminated Land - Tom Cairney (1998) • Full Scale Treatment Technologies for the Remediation of Contaminated Land - Ian Martin & Paul Bardos 628.55 MAR • Several Publications by Robert E. Hinchee • US EPA site http://www.frtr.gov/matrix2/section1/toc.html#Sec4

  3. Remediation Strategy Conceptual model and the “Pollutant Linkage” • Source • permanent reduction of risks • numerous technical approaches • Pathway • risks managed in short to medium term • several different engineering approaches • Target • not usually applicable or practicable

  4. Remediation Technologies non-technical high technology • Soil Disposal Off-Site • Excavation, Landfill • Containment • Capping, Barriers • Restructuring • Redistribution and Dilution of Material • Contaminant Stabilisation, Removal and Destruction • Numerous Biological, Physical, Chemical, Thermal Methods Relatively low cost, and simple. Considerable experience. Expensive, complex, Emerging Technologies

  5. Remediation Technologies • In-Situ Treatment without physically removing the soil • Advantage - less disturbance, emissions, buildings, buried services • Disadvantage - out of sight, monitoring, heterogeneity of contamination, soil structure (occluded clay lenses), mass transfer limitations, toxic hot-spots. • Ex-Situ Treatment after physical removal of soil • Advantage - Mixing distributes contaminants, mass transfer, process control, treat graded fractions, representative sampling, improved rate, protects groundwater. • Disadvantage - more work, space requirement, emissions, avoid buried services, aesthetic appearance

  6. Remediation Technologies • Intensive Process • Aim to achieve a rapid rate of remediation • uses complex equipment • consume considerable resources • power, reactants, labour, monitoring • Generally detrimental to soil structure • Examples - Soil Washing, Solidification & Stabilisation, Incineration • Extensive Process • Slower to Work • Low capital and Maintenance Costs • Soil Structure retained (Improved) • Examples - Phytoremediation, Bioremediation

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