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IMPROVING STANDARDS IN G.C.S.E. MEDIA STUDIES

IMPROVING STANDARDS IN G.C.S.E. MEDIA STUDIES. USING MEDIA LANGUAGE. Advertising / Magazines Deconstructing the text Genre genre signifiers repertoire of elements Codes and conventions Technical codes: camera shot angle editing transitions SFX CGI

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IMPROVING STANDARDS IN G.C.S.E. MEDIA STUDIES

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  1. IMPROVING STANDARDS IN G.C.S.E. MEDIA STUDIES USING MEDIA LANGUAGE

  2. Advertising / Magazines Deconstructing the text Genre genre signifiers repertoire of elements Codes and conventions Technical codes: camera shot angle editing transitions SFX CGI Symbolic codes: body language, gesture, setting, dress, colour, composition Sound codes: music, dialogue, sound effects Narrative codes: storyline, plot, structure, characters Representations: age, gender, ethnicity, nation stereotyping Section A Written Paper PowerPoint by John Ashton, WJEC available at www.teachit.co.uk 2

  3. Camera shot Close up, Medium shot, Long shot ECU, MCU, MLS, ELS or BIG CLOSE UP, BIG LONG SHOT Camera angle High, low, eyelevel Two shot Over the shoulder Tilted frame Camera movements Pan, tilt, tracking shot, dolly Lighting High key / low key Hard and soft Editing Cutting, shot / reverse shot Jump cut, cutaway Cross cutting Transitions, fades, wipes, dissolves Sound codes Music: genre, motif, instruments Diegetic / nondiegetic sound Ambient sound Dialogue: narration, speech CODES AND CONVENTIONS PowerPoint by John Ashton, WJEC available at www.teachit.co.uk 3

  4. Symbolic codes • Symbolic codes are hugely significant. Candidates should identify the range of symbolic codes and explain why they have been used by the makers of the text. Candidates should use the word SIGNIFY or CONNOTE when describing symbolic codes. • Body language • Gesture • Dress • Setting • Object • Composition: rule of thirds, perspective • Colour • Typographic codes: fonts, plain, bold, italic, decorative, serif / sans serif • Mise en scene - a useful word here which often describes many symbolic codes • Denotation and connotation • Signifiers PowerPoint by John Ashton, WJEC available at www.teachit.co.uk 4

  5. Plot, storyline Fabula, sychuzet Beginning, middle, end Tension, closure, resolution Harmony, dis-equilibrium, equilibrium Open narratives / closed narratives Linear, multi-strand, chronological Flashback Time condensing, time expansion Dramatic irony Dual narrative / triple narrative Binary oppositions Enigma and action codes Characters Protagonist / antagonist Propp Hero Villain Princess Messenger Rescuer Donor Anti hero Femme fatale Narrative Codes : Plot, storyline, structure, character PowerPoint by John Ashton, WJEC available at www.teachit.co.uk 5

  6. Key areas: age, gender, ethnicity, nation Positive / negative Stereotyping Categorisation Repetition Evaluation Both the areas for study for 2005 address key areas of representation and stereotyping. Candidates should be well prepared to look out for these issues and work which addresses issues of providing alternatives to these stereotypes will be highly rewarded. This applies equally to coursework both pre-production and production work and to the pre-production tasks on the examination paper. Representations PowerPoint by John Ashton, WJEC available at www.teachit.co.uk 6

  7. Intertextuality • Candidates should address the text in the examination by asking • Does it remind them of any other texts they have seen in photography, film, television etc? • How does it remind them of the text? • Genre, music, style, camera shots, narrative etc. • For teaching strategies choose texts for study which have intertextual references. PowerPoint by John Ashton, WJEC available at www.teachit.co.uk 7

  8. Marketing and promotion Branding, brand identities, brand image Distinctiveness and audience appeal Competition Cross media campaigns Schedules and ratings Audience research and targeting Distribution / Point of sale Regulation and control Self regulation v. external regulation Codes of practice and monitoring Pressures and constraints Taste and decency Institutional factors such as: costs, contracts, deadlines, franchises Intrusion and privacy The public interest The lives of the rich and famous Organisations PowerPoint by John Ashton, WJEC available at www.teachit.co.uk 8

  9. Audiences • Everyday uses and pleasures • Strategies of audience appeal and interpretations • Target audiences • Reception and influence PowerPoint by John Ashton, WJEC available at www.teachit.co.uk 9

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