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JUVENILE JUSTICE

JUVENILE JUSTICE. In the legal system, there is a distinction between “ Juvenile ” and “ Adult ” a. Distinction not always there throughout history. b. Adults & Children alike could be in the same jail & subject to Corporal Punishment – physical punishment.

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JUVENILE JUSTICE

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  1. JUVENILE JUSTICE

  2. In the legal system, there is a distinction between “Juvenile” and “Adult” a. Distinction not always there throughout history

  3. b. Adults & Children alike could be in the same jail & subject to Corporal Punishment – physical punishment

  4. 2. Juveniles have a separate court system • Courts act as parens patriae: court acts as guardians of juveniles b. Focus on rehabilitation and socialization

  5. 3. Who counts? a. Age of majority: age at which someone is considered an adult i. Usually 18, but may be as low as 17 or 16 ii. May change based on: 1. Severity of Crime 2. Likelihood of Rehabilitation 3. Past Record

  6. Three types of juveniles in court 1. Delinquent offenders: youths that commit acts that would be considered crimes if committed by adults • Ex: Larceny, Robbery

  7. 2. Status offenders: youths that commit acts that would notbe considered crimes if committed by adults • Ex: Underage Drinking

  8. 3. Neglected or Abused Children: youth seeking court protection from parent or guardian • Ex: parent is not feeding the child (neglect)

  9. b. Juvenile Courts also deal with parents i. Parental Responsibility Laws: laws that punish parents for the misbehavior of their children

  10. ii. Contributing to the delinquency of a minor: a crime in which an adult aids a youth in committing a crime

  11. 4. Procedures in Juvenile Court a. After juvenile is taken into Custody, juvenile can be released or detained

  12. b. Intake – Court Officials / Social Workers decide if matter should be referred to Juvenile Court 1. Youth Interviewed 2. Prior Record Considered 3. Seriousness of Crime Considered

  13. c. Initial (Detention) Hearing – Prosecution must prove an offense was committed & cause to believe the accused committed it

  14. 1. Juveniles do not have a Constitutional Right to Bail a. Juvenile can be released toparents or sent to detention

  15. 2. USSC justifies Preventative Detention – holding to protect community and accused against future crime

  16. d. Adjudicatory Hearing – To determine the facts of the case (same as Adult Trial) 1. Closed to Public (names kept out of the papers) 2. Juveniles not entitled to a JuryTrial 3. Judge rules whether or not Juvenile is Delinquent (Guilty)

  17. e. Dispositional Hearing – Judge decides the sentence (disposition) if found delinquent

  18. CRIME = OFFENSE

  19. ARREST = TAKE INTO CUSTODY

  20. FILE CHARGES = Petition

  21. NOT GUILTY PLEA = Denial

  22. GUILTY PLEA = Admission

  23. TRIAL = Adjudicatory hearing

  24. FOUND GUILTY = Found delinquent

  25. SENTENCING = Disposition

  26. JAIL = Detention

  27. PAROLE = Aftercare

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