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Sonnets

Explore the structure and themes of sonnets, including the Italian (Petrarchan) and English (Shakespearean) forms. Learn about the turn, rhyme schemes, and the resolution in sonnets.

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Sonnets

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  1. Sonnets Overview

  2. Sonnet Form • Thematically divided into 2 sections • 1st: presents theme, raises issue or doubt • 2nd: answers question, resolves problem, emphasizes point of poem • Change in poem is called the turn

  3. Sonnet Form • 14-line poem written in iambic pentameter • But, soft! What light through yonder window breaks? • Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet • Break into an octet and a sestet • English (Shakespearean) sonnet • Three quatrains and a couplet

  4. Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet • Consists of octet (8 lines) of 2 envelope quatrains • Usually abbaabba • Sometimes abbacddc • Rarely abababab • Turn begins at end of octet • Ends with sestet (6 lines) • May rhyme xyzxyz OR xyxyxy • Turn is developed and closed in sestet

  5. Farewell Love and all thy laws for ever, a Thy baited hooks shall tangle me no more; b Senec and Plato call me from thy lore b To perfect wealth my wit for to endeavour. a In blind error when I did persever, a Thy sharp repulse, that pricketh aye so sore, b Hath taught me to set in trifles no store b And scape forth, since liberty is lever. a Therefore farewell; go trouble younger hearts c And in me claim no more authority; d With idle youth go use thy property d And thereon spend thy many brittle darts. c For hitherto though I have lost all my time, e Me lusteth no longer rotten boughs to climb. e - Wyatt Devonshire (1557)

  6. English (Shakespearean) Sonnet • Consists of 3 quatrains (4 lines) and heroic couplet (2 lines) • Rhyme ababcdcdefef gg • Turn comes at or around line 13

  7. When my love swears that she is made of truth a I do believe her, though I know she lies, b That she might think me some untutor'd youth, a Unlearned in the world's false subtleties. b Thus vainly thinking that she thinks me young, c Although she knows my days are past the best, d Simply I credit her false speaking tongue: c On both sides thus is simple truth suppress'd. d But wherefore says she not she is unjust? e And wherefore say not I that I am old? f O, love's best habit is in seeming trust, e And age in love loves not to have years told: f Therefore I lie with her and she with me, g And in our faults by lies we flatter'd be. g - William Shakespeare {First quatrain {Second quatrain {Third quatrain {Final couplet, and resolution

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