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Connection-oriented Ethernet Attributes and Applications

This article discusses the implementation of connection-oriented Ethernet (COE), its attributes, applications, and challenges. It explores the benefits of COE, such as explicit definition of Ethernet paths, deterministic QoS, and resource reservation.

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Connection-oriented Ethernet Attributes and Applications

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  1. Connection-oriented Ethernet Attributes and Applications Ralph Santitoro Ralph.Santitoro@us.fujitsu.com 3Q09 Toronto Meeting July 22, 2009

  2. Contents • CLE and COE: 2 implementations of Ethernet • COE Attributes • COE Applications

  3. Connectionless Ethernet (CLE)

  4. Connectionless Ethernet (CLE) Challenges • Ethernet switches forward frames to correct port based on destination MAC address (DA) • If destination MAC address unknown, switches broadcast frames to all ports (called flooding) • Flooding creates additional BW requirements on all links • Amount of flooding is not predictable • DA becomes known by “learning” • DA becomes unknown when the bridges age out MAC table entries in their memory ~ 5 minutes • Table entry will not age out if frames keep coming—but no one can control this Flooding plays havoc with QoS and resource reservation

  5. Flooding Simplified CE CE CE CE CE CE A DA=C A B B DA=C DA=C Multipoint EVC Multipoint EVC DA=C DA=C C C Destination MAC address has a known destination port Flooding: Destination MAC address has unknown destination port I know where C is (for now) Where is C again? DA = Destination Address

  6. CLE Challenges: Spanning Tree Protocol CE CE CE CE A B CE CE Failover Link Failure New STP Blocked Link C D CE CE A B STP Blocked Link D C STP: up to 2s protection switching speeds. Difficult provisioning

  7. Connection-oriented Ethernet (COE) • Provides explicit definition of Ethernet paths • Disables Ethernet MAC address learning & flooding • Ethernet paths could be: • End to end (EVC) • Individual network segments • Resource reservation and admission control per EVC per CoS • Per-connection (EVC/Path) traffic management and traffic engineering COE addresses the CLE challenges

  8. COE Supported Network Topologies / MEF Service Types Linear Mesh (E-Line or E-Tree) Ring (E-Line or E-Tree) Hub & Spoke (E-Tree or Service Multiplexed EVPL) E-Line COE supports many topologies to support popular Ethernet services

  9. EMS/NMS Plays Critical Role for COE • COE does not use bridging control protocols • NMS used to provision VLAN “cross connects” and tunnels • COE relies on EMS/NMS for • Setup working/protect traffic engineered EVCs or network segments • Setup bandwidth profiles (CIR/EIR) with BW reservation • CIR is really “guaranteed” like with SONET/SDH • Other OAM function such as Fault Management COE places more emphasis on the importance of the NMS

  10. COE: The best of both worlds • Connectionless Ethernet • Layer 2 Aggregation • Statistical Multiplexing • Flexible Bandwidth Granularity • Cost Effectiveness • SONET / SDH • Deterministic and precision QoS • Bandwidth reserved per STS / STM • 99.999% Availability • Highest Security (L1 service) • Connection-Oriented Ethernet • Layer 2 Aggregation and Statistical Multiplexing • Deterministic and precision QoS • Bandwidth reserved per connection • Flexible Bandwidth Granularity • 99.999% Availability • Cost effectiveness • Highest Security COE makes Carrier Ethernet more like a Layer 1 service but with all the benefits of Layer 2 Ethernet

  11. COE Key Benefits Attributes Benefits Explicit Definition of Ethernet Path Deterministic, Predictable, Scalable, Secure Resource Reservation and Connection Admission Control Guaranteed SLA’s Per Connection QoS and Traffic Engineering Bandwidth Profiles Tiered Services Robust Ethernet OAM Comprehensive Monitoring and Troubleshooting Carrier Class Service Protection < 50ms Protection / Restoration

  12. Why COE ? • Makes Ethernet more like SONET which has dominated the metro network • Network operations procedures similar to SONET • Smooth transition for SONET-trained operations personnel • Easily scales to meet large scale metro connectivity and aggregation requirements • Ideally suited for: • EoX Aggregation for handoff to service edge networks • Mobile Backhaul Networks • High Performance EVPL and EPL services COE focus today: Service Delivery and Infrastructure in the Metro

  13. Different approaches to COE MPLS-centric COE Ethernet-centric COE • Ethernet-centric COE now being used in metro networks • MPLS-centric COE • Standards being developed. • Proposed usage for interconnection of MPLS core routers PBB-TE VLAN Tag Switching Static PW T-MPLS MPLS-TP PW PW Eth Eth MPLS LSP Eth Eth S-VLAN or PBB-TE • Ethernet • MPLS Pseudowire (PW) • MPLS Label Switched Path (LSP) • Ethernet Ethernet-centric COE being deployed today

  14. COE Attributes

  15. Attributes of Connection-oriented Ethernet • Standardized Services • EPL, EVPL, EP-Tree, EVP-Tree • MEF 6, MEF 10.2 COE Attributes • Deterministic QoS • Low Delay, Delay Variation, Loss • Y.1731, 802.1ag, MEF 10.2 • Bandwidth Resource Reservation • High Scalability • Millions of EVCs • Layer 2 Aggregation • Statistical Multiplexing • Full Service Management • Link Fault Management • 802.3ah • Service (EVC) Fault Management • Y.1731, 802.1ag, • High Reliability • 50ms Protection / Restoration • G.8031 • 802.3ad Link Aggregation • Security • Bridging disabled - no vulnerabilities • L2 DOS attacks mitigated • MAC DOS attacks mitigated COE is a high performance implementation of Carrier Ethernet

  16. COE Security: Comparable to SONET • Management VLANs isolated from Subscriber traffic • similar to DCN isolation from subscriber traffic in SONET networks • With COE, MAC Address Learning / Flooding is disabled • MAC Address spoofing cannot occur • MAC table overflow DOS attacks cannot occur • With COE, vulnerable Layer 2 Control Protocols (L2CPs) like STP are disabled • Protocol-based vulnerabilities (DOS attacks) are mitigated • With COE, bridging is disabled so additional ports cannot be bridged to the point-to-point service • Traffic snooping cannot occur COE provides security comparable Layer 1 (EoSONET) but without any of SONET bandwidth utilization issues

  17. Ethernet OAM for COE FLASHWAVE CDS FLASHWAVE CDS FLASHWAVE FLASHWAVE CDS CDS Service OAM Tunnel OAM EVC1 EVC1, 2 and 3 EVC2 MSC EVC3 Link Link OAM COE leverages the complete set of Ethernet OAM standards

  18. COE Attributes for Network Survivability • IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation Groups (LAG) • For local (link level) diversity and protection • If any fiber or port in LAG fails, other LAG members share the load • Can implement 1:1 protection with working/protect LAG members • ITU-T G.8031 Linear Path Protection • for EVC path diversity and sub-50ms path protection • Similar to SONET 1+1 UPSR path protection • Simple Provisioning: Setup Working path and Protect path • Independent of Network Topology • Rings, Meshes, Multiple Rings and Linear Topologies COE achieves high availability via multiple levels of protection

  19. COE Provides Dedicated Protection Switching Link Failure Failover • Ethernet Linear Protection (ITU-T G.8031) • Dedicated protection resources • < 50ms protection switching time • Simple provisioning

  20. Link and Path Protection Equivalency SONET 1+1 OC-192 1+1 OC-N 1+1 OC-N UPSR 1+1 OC-N 1+1 OC-N Ethernet 1:1 LAG 1:1 LAG 1:1 LAG G.8031 GE GE 10GE 10GE 10GE 1:1 LAG COE protection similar to SONET

  21. COE Applications

  22. COE Application Categories • Transport and Infrastructure • Layer 2 Aggregation to Service Edge Networks • Mobile Backhaul • Triple Play Residential Broadband Backhaul • IPTV, Video on Demand, Internet Access, Voice • Access to Network-based IP/MPLS VPNs • Access to MPLS Inter-Metro Core Network • Service Delivery • Layer 2 connectivity services • EPL and EVPL • EP-Tree and EVP-Tree • Ethernet Internet Access (EIA)

  23. COE for Layer 2 EoX Aggregation Infrastructure EoF Internet Access GbE/10GbE VoIP/ IMS GbE/10GbE COE EoX Aggregation Network Eoλ IP VPN EoPDH MPLS Inter-Metro LD Core NxDS-1 PDH Access Network OC-n NxDS-3 MTSO EoCu Copper Access Network Video Serving Office GbE EoS Switched Ethernet Services SONET CPE EoX Access Aggregation Service Edges COE for Ethernet Aggregation for all Service Edge Networks

  24. COE for Business Ethernet Services EVPL EPL EVC EVC UNI Service Multiplexed UNI UNI UNI COE Network COE Network UNI UNI EVC EVC UNI UNI Retail Ethernet Services Wholesale Access Provider Network Service Provider Network E-NNI UNI UNI EVC OVC COE COE Wholesale Ethernet Services

  25. COE for Mobile Backhaul • E-Line and E-Tree Service Types highly suitable for Mobile Backhaul Networks COE Backhaul Transport Network UNI Cell Sites MTSO UNI UNI UNI UNI COE meets the stringent requirements of Mobile Backhaul

  26. Summary • COE is a high performance implementation of Carrier Ethernet • With added Security benefits • COE provides a common metro EoX aggregation solution • for Ethernet access to all service edge networks • COE facilitates the evolution of SONET metro transport networks to Carrier Ethernet • COE is operationally similar to SONET

  27. COE Discussion

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