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Stay Alert and Alive!

“GET ON THE TRUCK”. Stay Alert and Alive!. Primary Instructor: SSG Herzog Alternate Instructor: SGT (P) Walton. AGENDA. Convoy Organization Convoy Sections Convoy Terms Convoy Identification Convoy Helpful Tips Leader Preliminary Procedures (PCI/PCC) Convoy Briefing

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Stay Alert and Alive!

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  1. “GET ON THE TRUCK” Stay Alert and Alive! Primary Instructor: SSG Herzog Alternate Instructor: SGT (P) Walton UNCLASSIFIED

  2. AGENDA • Convoy Organization • Convoy Sections • Convoy Terms • Convoy Identification • Convoy Helpful Tips • Leader Preliminary Procedures (PCI/PCC) • Convoy Briefing • Safety Briefing • Black Out Operations • Ground Guiding • Review UNCLASSIFIED

  3. REFERENCES • FM 21-305 Manual for the Wheel Vehicle Driver • FM 55-30 (Chap 5 Convoy Operations) • 57th Transportation Company SOP UNCLASSIFIED

  4. HUNGARY 1998-WET ROADS, DRIVING TOO FAST FOR ROAD CONDITIONS. TRYING TO CATCH UP TO CONVOY, HYDROPLANED ON STRAIGHT-AWAY AND LOST CONTROL. BOTH OCCUPANTS HOSPITALIZED. DUE TO TRAUMATIZATION, NEITHER DRIVER DROVE AGAIN. UNCLASSIFIED

  5. BOSNIA 1998- INATTENTIVENESS TO DRIVING. VEHICLE DROVE OFF A 30-FOOT EMBANKMENT. DRIVER LOST SIGHT OF THE ROAD WHILE SEARCHING FOR A CD THAT HAD FALLEN ON THE FLOOR . DID NOT WANT TO WAKE SLEEPING TC . BOTH OCCUPANTS WERE HOSPITALIZED IN CRITICAL CONDITION WITH HEAD INJURIES. UNCLASSIFIED

  6. CONVOY ORGANIZATION Convoys are organized in three elements: Columns, Serials and March Units “A convoy is a column of vehicles that moves from the same origin to destination and is organized for the purpose of control under a single commander. The minimum number of vehicles in a convoy is directed by theater policy, standardization agreement, or the HN, In the absence of policies to the contrary, convoys are considered six or more vehicles. All vehicles normally move at the same march rate”. (FM 55-30, p. 5-2) • Column – a group of two to five serials. Represents a battalion to brigade size element. • Serial – a group of two to five march units. Represents a company to battalion size element • March Unit – the smallest element of a convoy. As a smallest element of a column, march units may have up to 25 vehicles assigned. A march unit usually represents a squad to platoon size element. • EACH ELEMENT ABOVE HAS ITS OWN ELEMENT COMMANDER UNCLASSIFIED

  7. CONVOY SECTIONS Convoys are generally organized in three sections: The Head, Main Body and Trail. HEAD: Lead Vehicle - commo, breach team, M249 or crew served wpn, pacesetter, junior leader, knowledgeable soldier Second Vehicle – squad leader, knowledgeable, commo Third Vehicle – Gun Truck, depending on size of convoy MAIN BODY: All Cargo vehicles intermixed equally depending on size and type of cargo being carried. Heavier vehicles should be placed near the front to help gauge the speed of the convoy. This is where the Convoy Commander may be, though they should be free to float within the convoy. You may have the CLS, A&L team, multiple crew served weapons, and possibly a gun truck located near the rear of the main body. TRAIL: Maintenance & Recovery, CLS (A&L team), and a Rear Gun Truck should be placed within the trail party of a convoy. This is also where another squad leader or senior NCO may be to maintain the C2 in case of the convoy being split up. UNCLASSIFIED

  8. COMMON TERMS • SP time (when the last vehicle will cross the SP location) • SP location (the location TBD by convoy commander which all vehicles are rolling at the prescribed speed and following distance determined by the commander in the convoy brief ) • RP location (the location TBD by convoy commander which all vehicles may split to proceed to different destinations if necessary) • Order of march (what order the vehicles will be in by bumper number) • March credit number (chalked on side of vehicle to identify your rights and description of the convoy to MCT. MCT uses this number to govern and control the flow of convoy traffic along MSR’s and ASR’s to prevent major traffic congestion) UNCLASSIFIED

  9. Convoys may be marked for clear identificationTactical convoys may not always want to be marked for security reasonsGenerally, march credit numbers may be obtained through the servicing MCT. They are placed on both DS & PS doors of each vehicleLead Vehicle is marked with a BLUE (12” x 18”) flag and a “Convoy Follows” sign mounted to the front of the vehicleConvoy Commander vehicle is marked with a BLACK and WHITE (12” x 18”) diagonal flag and may have a “Convoy Commander” sign mounted to the front of the vehicleTrail Vehicle is marked with a GREEN (12” x 18”) flag and a “Convoy Ahead” sign mounted to the rear of the last vehicle CONVOY IDENTIFICATION UNCLASSIFIED

  10. HOT!!! CONVOY HELPFUL TIPS HOT!!! • Hills affect larger trucks speeds severely, therefore the larger, heavier vehicles should be placed near the front of the march unit. • Do not accelerate too fast, avoid the “whiplash effect” • Attempt to space the vehicles throughout the convoy evenly (ie… if you have 4 loads of Cl. I and 3 loads of Cl. V cargo, space them equally among the convoy. Reasons of security, weight, etc.) • Attempt to space the special/dual purposes vehicles throughout the convoy (ie…Gun trucks, CLS, Aid & Litter teams, Breach teams, Maint. etc…The exact location of the vehicles may vary widely depending on the loads being carried and size of your convoy) • Ensuring proper placement of the leadership within the convoy is CRUCIAL • Do not make a critical turn unless the vehicle behind you can see you turn UNCLASSIFIED

  11. HOT!!! CONVOY HELPFUL TIPS HOT!!! • Use your assistant operator/TC (they do not sleep) • Check your vehicle at all halts (watch your gauges-top off at all fuel stops) • Walkman radios and other distracters are NOT ALLOWED • Handheld Motorola radios are useful for internal C2 of convoy • Expect the unexpected (Drive defensively!) • Carry cash in case of emergencies UNCLASSIFIED

  12. LEADER PRELIMINARY PROCEDURES PCC / PCI • Manifest/Sensitive Item Data Sheet turned-in • Risk Assessment turned-in • Soldiers have sufficiently rested for the convoy (Work/Rest Cycle, 10/12 Rule) • Vehicle PMCS complete • Dispatch (with accident report, 2404 (QA/QC’d) dispatch signed) in vehicle • All drivers will have up-to-date licenses • UXO Spot Report sheet in the vehicle • MEDEVAC Request Sheet in the vehicle • Three day supply of MRE’s and water in the vehicle • All soldiers wearing proper uniform and protective gear UNCLASSIFIED

  13. LEADER PRELIMINARY PROCEDURES PCC / PCI (cont.) • All soldiers know ROE • Convoy commander has an operational PLGR • Frequency/call sign sheet filled out in vehicle • Radios are loaded with all frequencies, MEDEVAC, and Base Camps • Commo and/or Movement Tracking System (MTS) check done with S3 • Reviewed latest Intel Report on route and destination from S2 • ALL vehicles topped off • Combat Lifesaver with bag (inventory bag) • Mine awareness card and mine probe • Interpreter (if applicable) UNCLASSIFIED

  14. LEADER PRELIMINARY PROCEDURES PCC / PCI (cont.) • Convoy Commander’s Brief (Mission Statement, Risk Assessment, Brief Route) • Vehicles have First Aid Kit and warning triangles, complete BII • All personnel must have overnight rucksack (consisting of sleeping bag, cold/wet weather gear, and personal hygiene) • Route recon has been completed (map minimum) • Each vehicle in convoy has map with route and checkpoints • 2 ½ ton and larger vehicles have air tank valve closed • Load are properly secured • Line up and mark march credit number on all vehicles • Hazmat Identification, markings and paperwork complete • Lead, Trail and Convoy Commander vehicles all have appropriate signs and markings UNCLASSIFIED

  15. CONVOY BRIEFING • SITUATION: • FRIENDLY FORCES • SUPPORT UNITS • ENEMY SITUATION • MISSION: • TYPE OF CARGO • ORIGIN • DESTINATION UNCLASSIFIED

  16. CONVOY BRIEFING • EXECUTION • GENERAL ORGANIZATION OF THE CONVOY • TIME SCHEDULE (SP, RP, CP +/- 2 minutes.) • ROUTES (MSR & ASR) • ORDER OF MARCH • CONVOY SPEED / CATCH UP SPEED • VEHICLE DISTANCE / INTERVAL • EMERGENCY MEASURES • ACCIDENTS (Stop, render first aid, place warning devices, notify authorities) • BREAKDOWNS (Follow on Maintenance) • SEPARATION FROM CONVOY (IAW Unit SOP) • BATTLE DRILLS (IAW Unit SOP) UNCLASSIFIED

  17. CONVOY BRIEFING • SERVICE AND SUPPORT: • CONTROL OF PERSONNEL • BILLETING ARRANGEMENTS • MESSING ARRANGEMENTS • REFUELING AND SERVICING OF VEHICLES, COMPLYING WITH SPILL PREVENTION GUIDELINES UNCLASSIFIED

  18. CONVOY BRIEFING • COMMAND AND SIGNAL: • LOCATION OF CONVOY COMMANDER (Key Elements) • SUCCESSION OF COMMAND • ACTION OF SECURITY FORCE COMMANDER • SERIAL COMMANDER’S RESPONSIBILITY • ARM AND HAND SIGNALS • OTHER PREARRANGED SIGNALS • RADIO FREQUENCIES AND CALL SIGNS FOR- • CONVOY COMMANDER • ESCORTS (AIR/LAND) • FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS (In-Direct Fire) • GUN TRUCKS • MEDICAL EVACUATION SUPPORT UNCLASSIFIED

  19. CONVOY BRIEFING • SAFETY NOTES: • RISK ASSESSMENT • HAZARDS OF ROUTE AND WEATHER CONDITIONS • DEFENSIVE DRIVING • LOCAL SIGNS AND RULES OF RIGHT OF WAY • ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: • SPILL PREVENTION • TRANSPORTING HAZMAT • APPROVED DOCUMENTATION (DD Form 836 & DD Form 626) UNCLASSIFIED

  20. SAFETY BRIEFING • Soldiers Rested (8 hrs, 6 minimum in combat environment) • PMCS Performed Properly • Check / Verify License is Present and Accurate • Safety Belts • Ground Guides • Speed / Traffic Laws and Regulations • 10 / 12 Rule (15 min rest break every 2 - 3 hours or 100 – 150 miles) • 6 / 2 / 1 Rule • Max Number of Pax per Vehicle, Brief All Pax on Safety in Vehicle • Check Security of Loads • Customer Discrepancies • Breakdowns / Maintenance • Accident Procedures UNCLASSIFIED

  21. BLACK OUT OPERATIONS • 75% of all training accidents occur in the hours of darkness • Prior to a night movement: • Check your NVGs (adjust head harness or mount) • Check to see if all drivers are licensed to operate an AMV with NVGs (Annual recertification requirement) • Clean your B/O Markers or IR lights • Follow Unit SOP for vehicle markings • Recon your route on map or terrain if possible UNCLASSIFIED

  22. BASIC GROUND GUIDING • Follow the unit SOP (differ day and night) • Front and rear for all tracks and trucks over 1 1/4 ton • Use extreme caution in Assembly Areas • Avoid confusion (only one guide should give signals to driver) • Ensure your command is known (coordinate your signals with driver before instructing to move) • Sound horn before backing • No running while ground guiding • Ground guides must not walk backwards • STOP IMMEDIATELY if driver loses sight of guide • Under no circumstance should the guides position themselves between vehicles and stationary objects UNCLASSIFIED

  23. REVIEW • What is the standard interval for convoys on the highway? • What is a convoy march credit number and how is it illustrated on vehicles moving in the convoy? • How is the convoy commander identified? • Do vehicles in a convoy need to adhere to traffic lights and road signs? • Do most accidents occur during day or night moves? • What is the signal to stop a vehicle for day and night? • Ground guides will not _________ or _________ while guiding a vehicle? • What should a driver do if he loses sight of his guide? • A convoy of 20 vehicles is known as a _________ __________? UNCLASSIFIED

  24. “GET ON THE TRUCK” QUESTIONS ? Primary Instructor: SSG Herzog Alternate Instructor: SGT (P) Walton UNCLASSIFIED

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