Home Network Security ( based on power line communication )

Home Network Security ( based on power line communication ) Reseacher : Ryuzou Nishi (ISIT)

Introduction The Internet's popularization A huge variety of household appliances be expected to connect Transmission media LAN cable 　（low speed）power line Wireless （e.g.IEEE802.11） newly High speed power line CE Home network Entertainment IT device security equipment Telecommunication

Home-Network Security ・・・　new risks Conventional risks ・・・ mainly, leackage of personal information e.g. bank account New risks ・・・・The safety of the human being and a life is exposed to the danger. ・The possibility of the leakage of the new personal information such as the use amount of electric power and the attention tendency of the television An attacker can execute these, hidding his identity from the place which left these things far. • ・Crime prevention equipment is • switched off. • ・A power supply is stopped Electro-ricity ・The gas supply is stopped ・A bath is prepared selfishly Gas

GW GW GW GW Home-Network Security ・・・　countermeasure PLC modem Countermeasures according to the model distribution board process structure points power line ・Each node's resource is least ・If GW is broken, The damage is biggest. Gateway has all security function Gateway model PLC modem ・If some layer's GW is broken, The damage to the other layer is small. * Hierarchized gateway model * different cipher key is used in each layer distribution board Hierarchical model In the environment of PLC, possible measure model is only the idividual model ・flexible ・Big CPU power is requested at each node ・Key management is complex Every node has a security function individually Individual model

Security of PLC Home-Network The main characteristics ・Signal attenuation level of distribution board is small ・The unwanted radiation ・The security measure using GW is difficult ・tapping is easy It peels off and it connects the film of the cable. and it eavesdrops ・The electric outlet is in the everywhere of indoor or out of door . PLC modem Distribution Board modem Printer Gateway FTTH LAN cabel Distribution Board Power line PC Power line information leakage through unwanted radio infomation leakage through power line

The security about the Information machinery and AV system ・・・ Security Issues The security using the gateway is difficult. PLC modem distribution board infomation leakage through power line modem gateway FTTH information leakage through unwanted radio LAN cable power line PC power line information leakage through leak radio infomation leakage through power line

The security about the Information machinery and AV system ・・・ Expected risks ・The always-on connection risk 　・・・　The risk is bigger than the conventional wired type. ・The illegal access which used an outdoor power electric outlet ・In the collective housing, when there is a fragile home, there is possibility to receive the above risk from the user of the unspecified number on the Internet through the home and the electric power line on the security to the outside network.

The security about the control system ・・・ Security Issues ・As the lifeline relation, there are much crime prevention facilities and equipment about the human life and the daily life. ・There are very many numbers of the equipment. ・The ability of the information processings such as the CPU of the built-in and a resource is small compared with the information machinery. ・There are many long life-time equipments PLC modem distribution board distribution board power line power line information leakage through leak radio infomation leakage through power line

The security about the control system ・・・ Expected risks ・Through the network, the lifeline of home may be stoppoed, or misused. ・The illegal access which used outdoor power electric outlets ・If the security is fragile because of a little proccesong ability, a whole home-network security may be broken through the control system ○Requested countermeasures ・Seurity update techniques for long life-time equipments ・An access control according to a variety of equipments

The security about Community Communication ○Security Issues ・Key management is complex ・for communication in each home ・for communications in a community ・for simultaneous communications in a home and a community ○　Expected risks ・If the security of some home in community is fragile, a whole community-network security may be broken through the home ○Countermeasure ・For example, management office of community manages every PLC modems in a concentrated manner PLC modem distribution board PLC modem distribution board modem Gateway FTTH power line LAN cable PC

The Comparison between the power line and the wireless ( ref. Y.Lin et al.「A Comparative Performance Study of Wireless and Power Line Networks」 EEE Comm. Magazine April 2003) According to these data, the distance dependence property of throughput differ. However power line communication also has unstableness , and an average range of power line communication is wider.

Conclusion ・Compared to wired network, it is difficult for gateway to assure security of PLC(Power Line Communication). ・Compared to wireless network( e.g. IEEE802.11b), transmission area is more wide, therefore more attackers such as DoS and impersonation may exist. ・More appliances may connect to PLC home-network, because new cabling is not unneccesary and limitation of location is less. ・・・ however complex key managementis required

Home Network Security ( based on power line communication )