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Cardiovascular System

Discover the role and properties of blood vessels in the cardiovascular system. Learn about arteries' elasticity, arterioles' functions, and capillaries' exchange capabilities. Understand how veins contribute to venous return and prevent backflow.

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Cardiovascular System

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  1. Cardiovascular System Blood Vessels

  2. Blood Vessels form a network of tubes carrying blood from the heart to the body and back to the heart

  3. capillaries Sweat Page venule arteriole Picture ->Label this diagram artery vein Vena cava aorta

  4. Arteries • Carry blood away from the heart • three layers in the walls: • 1. Inner epithelial layer • 2. Middle layer is smooth muscle tissue • 3. Outer layer is elastic and collagenous fibers

  5. Properties of Arteries 1. Elasticity allows the arteries to expand when ventricles push blood into them 2. Contractility Vasoconstriction = smooth muscle contraction that narrows the lumen (space) Vasodilation = relaxation of smooth muscle that increases the size of the lumen

  6. Arterioles • Arterioles are small arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries.

  7. Capillaries • =microscopic vessels that connect arterioles and venules • found near almost every body cell • exchange of nutrients and waste occurs here • walls are a single layer thick

  8. Veins • Blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart • thinner than arteries • inner layer fold inward to form valves (prevent backflow of blood) • not as strong as arteries • Low blood pressure

  9. Factors that help venous return A. Pumping of the heart • ->creates pressure in the veins to the heart B. Velocity of blood flow • -> faster in venules than capillaries

  10. C. Skeletal muscle contraction • ->muscles tighten around the vein pushing blood

  11. D. Breathing • ->changes in pressure during breathing pushes blood from abdominal to thoracic veins.

  12. Sweat Page • Analogy / summary • Write how Blood vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins) are like: • Major Freeways • Highways • Surface streets • Residential streets

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