Ch.7 Expansion and Industrialization (1860-1914)

1. Ch.7 Expansion and Industrialization (1860-1914) • By Matthew Pippin Pippin

2. Formed when The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad joined their tracks at Promontory, Utah. • Transcontinental Railroad. Pippin

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4. Westward expansion caused conflicts with Native Americans Pippin

5. Conflicts with Native Americans that faugh against westward expansion are called this. • Frontier Wars. Pippin

6. Name given to 4 all black regiments, by Native Americans , that fought in the Frontier Wars • Buffalo Soldiers. Pippin

7. Battle where Sioux warriors surrounded and killed General Custer and his men. • Battle of Little Bighorn 1876 Pippin

8. Act passed by congress that dissolved the reservations and gave Indian families 160 acres to farm. • Dawes Act Pippin

9. Dance performed by the Sioux that they believed would bring back the buffalo and remove the whites • The Ghost Dance Pippin

10. Massacre of Sioux leader Sitting Bull, and his people by U.S army. • Massacre at Wounded Knee • Army tried to arrest Sitting Bull • Began when settlers feared the Sioux and their Ghost Dance. Pippin

11. Process developed by Sir Henry Bessemer that improved the production of steel. • The Bessemer Process • Bessemer, Alabama named after him Pippin

12. Invented by John Deere in 1830’s it allowed people to work the land of the midwest and plains. • Steel Plow Pippin

13. Used by farmers of the plains to pump water out of the ground. • Wind mill Pippin

14. Developed by Joseph Glidden, it allowed farmers to cheaply and efficiently fence in land • Barbed Wire Pippin

15. Group of farmers that pooled their resources to purchase new equipment at better price. • Grange Pippin

16. Political party that formed in 1892 to address the concerns of the farmers. • The Populist Party Pippin

17. Man responsible for sending the first telephone transmission. • Alexander Graham Bell Pippin

18. A company that is the only supplier in its particular industry. • Monopoly Pippin

19. Persons that become wealthy by exploitation and ruthlessness • Robber barons • Ex. John Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and Cornelius Vanderbilt. Pippin

20. Owned the Standard Oil Co. and created a monopoly in the oil industry by ensuring that his company was the only supplier of oil. • John D. Rockefeller Pippin

21. Owned a steel company that controlled all phases of production and forced out competition. • Andrew Carnegie • Believed that wealthy should help poor. He called this idea Gospel of Wealth. Pippin

22. Owner of the New York Central railroad • Cornelius Vanderbilt Pippin

23. Famous labor union formed in 1881 to coordinate strikes in entire industries and lobby congress for better working conditions. • American Federation of Labor Pippin

24. Act passed in 1882 that prohibited Chinese from immigrating to U.S. • The Chinese Exclusion Act Pippin

25. Movement that started during the 1890’s that developed in response to the growing corruption of politicians by the forces of big business. • The Progressive Movement Pippin

26. Leading intellectuals during the Progressive Movement that wrote stories explaining the abuse of big business on workers and consumers • Muckrakers Pippin

27. Book written by Upton Sinclair that exposed the miserable working conditions and poor food quality of the meat packing industry. • The Jungle Pippin

28. Wrote The History of the Standard Oil Company(1904) that exposed the corruption of Standard Oil. • Ida Tarbell Pippin

29. Person who began the movement for Public education in the early 19 century. • Horace Mann Pippin

30. These amendment were known as the Progressive Amendments • 16th-collect income tax • 17th-people elect senators instead of state legislatures • 18th-Prohibited the making and selling of alcohol • 19-Women’s suffarage Pippin

31. Progressive president who initiated reforms such as National Park system. • President Theodore Roosevelt Pippin

32. Theodore Roosevelt’s verbal contract with the people to maintain equality for people and business • The Square Deal. Pippin

33. After reading The Jungle, Theodore Roosevelt promoted this act to protect the health of the U.S people. • Food and Drug Act • (1906) Pippin

34. Name given to Woodrow Wilson’s Progressive ideas and actions. • New Freedom. • Goal was to insure competition in the marketplace and at the same time keep government out of business. Pippin

35. Wilson urged congress to est. this commission to investigate companies for unfair business practices. • Federal Trade Commission (FTC), (1914) Pippin

36. Act passed by congress that was sponsored by Alabama congressman Henry De Lamar Clayton that made sure that businesses could not use antitrust laws to break up labor unions. • Clayton Antitrust Act • (1914) Pippin

37. Movement of blacks from the south to cities of the north and west as a result of violence in the south by the KKK. • Black Exodus Pippin

38. Former slave that founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. • Booker T Washington • He believed the answer to racial confrontation lie in vocational education and blacks entering in to the workforce.( Blue Collar Worker) Pippin

39. One of Booker T. Washington’s students who discovered the many uses of the peanut • George Washington Carver Pippin

40. First black Ph.D. graduate from Harvard Univ. and wrote several important papers attacking the philosophy of Booker T. Washington • W.E.B. Du Bois • Believed Blacks should strive to gain jobs in the Clerical or professional fields. (White Collar Fields) Pippin

41. Movement organized by W.E.B.Du Bois that outlined the agenda for black progress in U.S. • Niagara Movement. • Meet in Niagara, Canada after being denied hotel accommodations in the U.S. Pippin

42. Goals of Niagara Movement. • 1. Equal economic and political opportunities for blacks • 2. Ending of segregation • 3. Ending discrimination in the court system, public facilities, and trade unions. Pippin

43. Organization formed to help blacks gain equality and adopted the goals of the Niagara Movement. • National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • (NAACP) Pippin

44. 1896 supreme court case ruling that said segregation was legal (separation of races), as long as things were equal. • Plessy vs. Ferguson • Things were separate but not equal. Pippin