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Understanding Voltage Disturbances and Their Impacts on Electrical Systems

This document provides a comprehensive overview of various voltage disturbances including sags, swells, interruptions, and transients as per IEEE standards. It covers definitions, measurement methods, and effects on electrical systems. Key concepts include voltage sags and sudden dips exceeding 10%, interruptions in service, overvoltage and undervoltage scenarios, as well as harmonic distortions and their implications on system reliability. The aim is to equip professionals with the knowledge needed to identify, measure, and mitigate these disturbances effectively.

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Understanding Voltage Disturbances and Their Impacts on Electrical Systems

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    1. ???? ??????? 1 2 ????????? ???????????????????????????????????????,????????????,????????????,????????????????????????????????????????

    2. ???? ??????? 2 2.1 ??????? ?2.1 ??????????????

    3. ???? ??????? 3 IEEE-1159???????????????

    4. ???? ??????? 4 IEEE-1159???????????????

    5. ???? ??????? 5 2.2 ???? ???? (Voltage dips ? sags) ?????????????????????????????????????10%?90%??,???0.5??????,??????????????????????????

    6. ???? ??????? 6 2.2 ????

    7. ???? ??????? 7 2.3 ???? ??????? (Interruption) ????????10%??,?????????????????????????????,?????????????????????,??????????????10%?

    8. ???? ??????? 8 2.3 ????

    9. ???? ??????? 9 2.4 ??????? ?????????????1?????????????????(Sustained interruptions)???????1?????????????????????????,????????????????

    10. ???? ??????? 10 2.5 ???? ????(Swell)??????????????,??????0.5???1??,??????1.1?1.8???????????????????????,???????,????????1????

    11. ???? ??????? 11 2.5 ????

    12. ???? ??????? 12 2.6 ??????? ???(Overvoltage)????(Undervoltage, ??????????????)???????????,?????????????????????1??,?????????????????????????????,?????????????????

    13. ???? ??????? 13 2.6 ??????? ????????????????????????,?????????????????,????????????????????? ?????????????,???????????????????????,??????????,????????????????

    14. ???? ??????? 14 2.7 ?? ????????(Transients)?????????????? ?????,???????????????????(Impulsive transient)??????(Oscillatory transient)???

    15. ???? ??????? 15 2.7.1 ????? ??????????????(Spike),????????????????,???????????????????,??????????,????????????(?????)?

    16. ???? ??????? 16 ?????

    17. ???? ??????? 17 2.7.2 ????? ???????????(Surge),??????????????????????,??????????????(Predominant frequency)????????? ??????????????????????2.2??,??????????????????????

    18. ???? ??????? 18 ?????

    19. ???? ??????? 19 ????? ????500 kHz??????????(??????????)??????????????????? ????5 kHz?500 kHz???????????????,??????????????????????,??????????????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????,???????????????????

    20. ???? ??????? 20 ????? ??5 kHz??????0.3 ms?50 ms????????????,?????????????????????,???????,??????????????????? ?????300 Hz????????????????,????????????(Ferro-resonance)?????????,??????????????????????

    21. ???? ??????? 21 2.8 ????? ?????(Voltage unbalance)??????????????????????????120?,??????????? ??????,????????????????,?????????????????????????V-V???????,?????????????,????????????????

    22. ???? ??????? 22 ?????

    23. ???? ??????? 23 2.9 ???? ???????????????????????(DC offset),???????????(Geomagnetic disturbance)???????????????,????????????,??????????????????????,????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????

    24. ???? ??????? 24 2.10 ?? ????????????,?????????(Harmonics),????????????????????????,??????????,????60 Hz????????????????,??????????

    25. ???? ??????? 25 ?? ?????????????????????(??????????),?????????????????(?????????????????),??????????????????????,????????????????????,?????????????

    26. ???? ??????? 26 ??

    27. ???? ??????? 27 2.11 ????????? ????????????????????,???????(Interharmonics),?????????????(Cyclo-converter)??????????????

    28. ???? ??????? 28 ????????? ???????????Hz?25Hz???,??????????,?????????????? ??????????????????,?????????????????????,??????????50?60 Hz???????????,????????????????,????????????????????????,???????????????????(Subharmonics),????????????????

    29. ???? ??????? 29 ?????????

    30. ???? ??????? 30 2.12 ???? ????(Notching)?????????????????(Commutation)????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????,???????????;????????,??????????????????????????

    31. ???? ??????? 31 ???? ??????????????????????????(Zero-crossings)???????????????????????????,??????????????????????????2.8?????????????????

    32. ???? ??????? 32 ????

    33. ???? ??????? 33 2.13 ????????? ??????????????,???????????0.95?1.05??,???????????(Voltage fluctuations)?????,??????????(Reactive component),??????,????????????

    34. ???? ??????? 34 ????????? ????????????????????,?????????(Voltage flicker),??????????????,??????????????????????????????,???????????,?????????????????(Light flicker)? ?????????????????????,????????????????????,?????????

    35. ???? ??????? 35 ?????????

    36. ???? ??????? 36 ?????????

    37. ???? ??????? 37 2.14 ?????? ???????????,????????????????????????????,???????????????? ??????????????????????????,???????(Governor)?????????????,????????????

    38. ???? ??????? 38 ?? ??????????????????,????????????,????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????,???????????? ????????????????????????,??????????????,????????????,??????????

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