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Understanding Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals in the Body

Learn about the definition and function of vitamins and minerals, their main sources in the diet, and the effects of excess and deficiency. Explore the different types of vitamins and their importance in preventing diseases. Discover the recommended daily amounts of vitamins for various life stages.

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Understanding Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals in the Body

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  1. Micronutrients Chapter 1 • Learning outcomes • To know the definition of vitamins and minerals • To understand the function of vitamin and minerals in the body • To know what are the main sources of vitamins in the diet • To understand the effects of vitamin excess and deficiency in the diet • The amount of vitamins needed for various life stages

  2. What are Micronutrients? • Micronutrients are vitamins and minerals needed in the body in small amounts • We will be looking at Vitamins in this chapter – minerals afterwards. • The main vitamins we will be looking at are: • Fat soluble: • Vitamins A, D, E, K • Water Soluble: • Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B9, B12, C

  3. Vitamins • What are they? • They are chemical substances found naturally in unprocessed foods both Animal and Plant • Why are they needed? • They help prevent disease • Each Vitamin is given a name and a letter to help differentiate them from each other • Fill in the table as we go along • Fat Soluble – vitamins that are found in foods containing Fat • Water Soluble - vitamins that are found in foods that are high in water content

  4. Antioxidants • Our bodies are exposed to different chemical from the air, water, food and pollution everyday. • Some of these pick up oxygen in the body and become reactive “free radicals” • Free Radicals can cause damage to the cells in our bodies • This can lead to heart disease, inflammation and cancer • Antioxidants – help to prevent these free radicals so that they cannot damage our bodies • These are Vitamins A, C and E • These are one of the reasons that we are encouraged to eat many fruit and vegetables and prevent people from developing these conditions.

  5. Fat Soluble Vitamin A

  6. Fat Soluble – Vitamin D

  7. Fat Soluble - Vitamin E

  8. Fat Soluble – Vitamin K

  9. Water Soluble – B1 Thiamin

  10. Water Soluble – Vitamin B2 Riboflavin

  11. Water Soluble – Vitamin B3 Niacin

  12. Water Soluble – Vitamin B9 Folate (Folic Acid)

  13. Water Soluble – Vitamin B12 Cobalamin

  14. Water Soluble – Vitamin C Ascorbic Acid

  15. Amount of Vitamins needed everyday for different life stages

  16. Questions

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