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Efficient Algorithms for Large-Scale Topology Discovery

This joint work by Benoit Donnet, Philippe Raoult, Timur Friedman, and Mark Crovella at Sigmetrics 2005 in Banff, Canada introduces the Doubletree algorithm for network measurement and internet topology discovery. By addressing the scaling problem and redundancy issues, Doubletree offers significant load reduction and high coverage.

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Efficient Algorithms for Large-Scale Topology Discovery

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  1. Benoit Donnet joint work with Philippe Raoult, Timur Friedman and Mark Crovella Sigmetrics 2005 – Banff (Canada) Efficient Algorithms for Large-ScaleTopology Discovery

  2. Context • Network measurement • Internet topology discovery using distributed traceroute monitors • IP interface level • Existing tools: • Skitter (CAIDA) • TTM (RIPE NCC) • AMP (NLANR) • DIMES (Tel Aviv U.)

  3. Scaling Problem • More monitors means more load on • network resources • destinations • Classical approaches either • stay small (skitter, TTM, AMP) • trace slowly (DIMES) • Can we trace more efficiently?

  4. Contributions • Quantification of scaling problems • Intra-monitor redundancy • Inter-monitor redundancy • Efficient cooperative topology discovery algorithm • Doubletree

  5. Intra-monitor Redundancy (1)

  6. Intra-monitor Redundancy (2)

  7. Inter-monitor Redundancy (1)

  8. Inter-monitor Redundancy (2)

  9. Doubletree: Tree-like Structure of Routes • Both redundancy (i.e. inter and intra) suggest two different probing schemes • They are based on the tree-like structure of routes • Intra-monitor • monitor-rooted tree (first suggested by Govindan et al.) • Inter-monitor • destination-rooted tree

  10. Doubletree: Monitor-rooted Tree

  11. Doubletree: Destination-rooted Tree

  12. Doubletree: Reconciliation • Backward and forward probing are opposite schemes • How can we reconciliate them? • Starts probing at some hop h • First, performing forward probing from h • Second, performing backward probing from h-1

  13. Doubletree: Stop Sets • Not necessary to maintain the whole tree structure. • Each monitor uses stop sets: {(interface, root)} • Local Stop Set B: {interface} • Backward probing • Global Stop Set F: {(interface, destination)} • Forward probing • Shared between monitors

  14. Doubletree: Results (1)Intra-Monitor Doubletree skitter

  15. Doubletree: Results (2)Inter-Monitor Doubletree skitter

  16. Conclusion • We point out redundancy in classical topology discovery approaches using two metrics: • Intra-monitor redundancy • Inter-monitor redundancy • Based on these metrics, we define the Doubletree algorithm: • Measurement load reduction up to 76% • Interface and link coverage above 90%

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