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The Prostate Cancer Institute: National University of Galway Ireland

The Prostate Cancer Institute: National University of Galway Ireland. Sharon Glynn, PhD, MPH Prostate Cancer Institute Director of Laboratory Research National University of Ireland, Galway Republic of Ireland sharon.glynn@nuigalway.ie. Background to PCI in NUI Galway.

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The Prostate Cancer Institute: National University of Galway Ireland

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  1. The Prostate Cancer Institute: National University of Galway Ireland Sharon Glynn, PhD, MPH Prostate Cancer Institute Director of Laboratory Research National University of Ireland, Galway Republic of Ireland sharon.glynn@nuigalway.ie

  2. Background to PCI in NUI Galway • Established in September 2010 with funding from the NUI Galway Foundation. • Goals: • Developmental therapeutics programme for prostate cancer. • Prostate cancer cohort study in the west of Ireland to examine the key factors that effect prostate cancer patient outcomes

  3. Modern Methods of Drug Discovery Begin with prostate tumours Manipulate it to get the best version Identify key proteins and genes that drive the tumour Test in the Lab Choose “best lead molecule” Clinical Trials Design a drug to target the lead molecule

  4. Modern Methods of Drug Discovery Just to show you the difference in motility between the 2 cell lines (DU145 or on top, PC3 are on bottom).

  5. Molecular Epidemiology Case Control Study Design Case Control Study Controls n=500 Cases n=500* • Population-based controls are matched to cases by • Age (frequency) • Residency • Blood, urine, & normal, BPH, fresh-frozen tumor specimens • Q&A – Family history, smoking status alcohol, occupation, exercise etc * by 2014

  6. Molecular Epidemiology Case Control Study Design Blood & Tissue Case Control study SNPs Survey data Infections Gene signatures Environmental, Lifestyle and Inherited Risk Factors Initiation Progression Survival

  7. Areas of Interest: Prostate cancer progression: Development of Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer Mechanisms for the development of hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Look at it at the population level. Predictors/Biomarkers of HRPC. Are tumors that subsequently develop into HRPC biologically different at diagnosis? Do certain treatments increase the risk? Do lifestyle factors influence the risk ? e.g. smoking status (Ambs et al, in preparation)

  8. Tumor Subtypes Have Different Outcomes ER-negative Poor Outcome Nature Cancer Reviews 2007, 7, 659-672

  9. NOS2 EXPRESSION PREDICTS POOR SURVIVAL IN ERα-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER P=0.95

  10. Cancer Research and Cancer Prevention Sharon Glynn, PhD MPH sharon.glynn@nuigalway.ie

  11. General Tips for Cancer Prevention • Don’t use tobacco • Eat a health diet • Maintain healthy weight • Get some exercise • Protect yourself from the sun • Get immunized (Hep B & HPV vaccines) • Make use of early detection/screening programmes

  12. Prostate Cancer – Know the Risk Factors • Increasing Age • Family history of Prostate Cancer • Obesity • Race • Where you live

  13. Prostate Cancer – How to Lower Your Risk • Choose a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables • Limit saturated fat, increase fish intake • Choose healthy foods over supplements. • Exercise most days of the week • Maintain a healthy weight • Talk to your doctor if you think you have an increased risk of prostate cancer

  14. Prostate Cancer – Reliable information sources Prostate Cancer Foundation www.pcf.org Mayo Clinic http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/prostate-cancer/DS00043 National Cancer Institute http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/prostate

  15. Breast Cancer – Know the Risk Factors • Being Female • Increasing Age • Personal and family history of Breast Cancer • Inherited genes (BRCA1) • Obesity • Beginning your period before 12 & beginning menopause after 55 • First child at an older age • HRT • Excess alcohol

  16. Breast Cancer – Prevention Methods • Drink Alcohol in moderation • Exercise most days of the week • Limit postmenopausal hormone therapy • Maintain a healthy weight • Breast check – get your mammogram

  17. Breast Cancer – Reliable information sources Susan G Komen for the Cure www.komen.org Mayo Clinic http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/breast-cancer/DS00328 National Cancer Institute http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/breast

  18. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • NUI Galway Foundation • Prostate Cancer Institute • Frank Sullivan, Frank Giles, Eamonn Rogers, Richard Flavin,Jim Sweeney • NUI Galway • Cathal Seoighe, Ruth Curtis, Enda McConnell • Radiation Biology Branch, NCI • David Wink, Chris Switzer • Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI • Stefan Ambs, Tiffany Dorsey, Tiffany Wallace, Scott Hudson • Queens University Belfast • Liam Murray, Lesley Anderson • Dublin City University • Robert O’Connor, Martin Clynes • Aarhus University Hospital • Deirdre Cronin-Fenton • University College Cork • Gerald O’Sullivan, Florence McCarthy

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