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Lec09 :: Java Swing

Lec09 :: Java Swing. เรื่อง jOptionPane Nattapong Songneam http://www.siam2dev.com. AWT to Swing. AWT: Abstract Windowing Toolkit import java.awt.* Swing: new with Java2 import javax.swing.* Extends AWT Tons o’ new improved components Standard dialog boxes, tooltips, …

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Lec09 :: Java Swing

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  1. Lec09 :: Java Swing เรื่อง jOptionPane Nattapong Songneam http://www.siam2dev.com

  2. AWT to Swing • AWT: Abstract Windowing Toolkit • import java.awt.* • Swing: new with Java2 • import javax.swing.* • Extends AWT • Tons o’ new improved components • Standard dialog boxes, tooltips, … • Look-and-feel, skins • Event listeners • API: • http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/docs/api/index.html

  3. Swing Set Demo • J2sdk/demo/jfc/SwingSet2 • Many predefined GUI components

  4. GUI Component API • Java: GUI component = class • Properties • Methods • Events JButton

  5. Using a GUI Component • Create it • Instantiate object: b = new JButton(“press me”); • Configure it • Properties: b.text = “press me”; [avoided in java] • Methods: b.setText(“press me”); • Add it • panel.add(b); • Listen to it • Events: Listeners JButton

  6. Anatomy of an Application GUI Internal structure GUI JFrame JFrame JPanel containers JPanel JButton JButton JLabel JLabel

  7. Using a GUI Component 2 • Create it : สร้างออบเจ็กต์ • Configure it : กำหนดคุณสมบัติ • Add children (if container) • Add to parent (if not JFrame) • Listen to it orderimportant เรียงลำดับการทำงาน จากบนลงล่าง

  8. Build from bottom up Listener • Create: • Frame • Panel • Components • Listeners • Add: (bottom up) • listeners into components • components into panel • panel into frame JButton JLabel JPanel JFrame

  9. Code JFrame f = new JFrame(“title”); JPanel p = new JPanel( ); JButton b = new JButton(“press me”); p.add(b); // add button to panel f.setContentPane(p); // add panel to frame f.show(); press me

  10. Application Code import javax.swing.*; class hello { public static void main(String[] args){ JFrame f = new JFrame(“title”); JPanel p = new JPanel(); JButton b = new JButton(“press me”); p.add(b); // add button to panel f.setContentPane(p); // add panel to frame f.show(); } } press me

  11. Layout Managers • Automatically control placement of components in a panel • Why?

  12. Layout Manager Heuristics FlowLayout GridLayout null none, programmer sets x,y,w,h Left to right, Top to bottom GridBagLayout BorderLayout CardLayout n c One at a time JButton w e s

  13. Combinations JButton JButton JTextArea

  14. Combinations JButton JButton JFrame n JPanel: BorderLayout c JPanel: FlowLayout JTextArea

  15. Code: null layout JFrame f = new JFrame(“title”); JPanel p = new JPanel( ); JButton b = new JButton(“press me”); b.setBounds(new Rectangle(10,10, 100,50)); p.setLayout(null);// x,y layout p.add(b); f.setContentPane(p); press me

  16. Code: FlowLayout JFrame f = new JFrame(“title”); JPanel p = new JPanel( ); FlowLayout L = new FlowLayout( ); JButton b1 = new JButton(“press me”); JButton b2 = new JButton(“then me”); p.setLayout(L); p.add(b1); p.add(b2); f.setContentPane(p); Set layout mgr before adding components press me then me

  17. Applets JApplet • JApplet is like a JFrame • Already has a panel • Access panel with JApplet.getContentPane( ) import javax.swing.*; class hello extends JApplet { public void init(){ JButton b = new JButton(“press me”); getContentPane().add(b); } } contentPane JButton

  18. Applet Methods • Called by browser: • init( ) - initialization • start( ) - resume processing (e.g. animations) • stop( ) - pause • destroy( ) - cleanup • paint( ) - redraw stuff (‘expose’ event)

  19. Application + Applet Command line Browser import javax.swing.*; class helloApp { public static void main(String[] args){ // create Frame and put my mainPanel in it JFrame f = new JFrame(“title”); mainPanel p = new mainPanel(); f.setContentPane(p); f.show(); } } class helloApplet extends JApplet { public void init(){ // put my mainPanel in the Applet mainPanel p = new mainPanel(); getContentPane().add(p); } } // my main GUI is in here: class mainPanel extends JPanel { mainPanel(){ setLayout(new FlowLayout()); JButton b = new JButton(“press me”); add(b); } } JFrame JApplet or contentPane JPanel JButton

  20. Applet Security • No read/write on client machine • Can’t execute programs on client machine • Communicate only with server • “Java applet window” Warning

  21. Input

  22. โดยใช้ JOptionPane • คลาส JOptionPane เป็นคลาสที่อยู่ใน package javax.swing และใช้สำหรับการรับข้อมูลผ่านทางคีย์บอร์ด และแสดงข้อมูลทางจอภาพ ในการทำงานของ graphics mode หรือ GUI โดยจะแสดงออกมาในลักษณะของ popup window ที่เรียกว่า dialog box

  23. ลักษณะของ dialog box ของ JOptionPane • InputDialog • MessageDialog • ConfirmDialog

  24. Input Dialog • สร้างขึ้นจาก method ที่ชื่อ showInputDialog() ซึ่งจะ return ค่ากลับมาเป็น String • ตัวอย่างเช่น String response = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( null, “What is your name?”);

  25. Arguments of showInputDialog() • ชื่อของ parent window • ข้อความที่ต้องการแสดงใน inputDialog • ชื่อหัวข้อ (title) (option) • ชนิดของ InputDialog (option) • ERROR_MESSAGE • INFORMATION_MESSAGE • PLAIN_MESSAGE • QUESTION_MESSAGE • WARNING_MESSAGE

  26. showInputDialog()

  27. Message Dialog • MessageDialog เป็น dialog box ที่ใช้สำหรับแสดงข้อความ หรือข้อมูลต่างๆ โดยถูกสร้างจาก method ชื่อว่า showMessageDialog() • ค่า argument ของ showMessageDialog() จะเหมือนกับ showInputDialog()

  28. showMessageDialog() JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Hello..Java!!"); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "This program will terminate in 10 seconds", "Programtermination", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);

  29. Confirm Dialog • ConfirmDialog เป็น dialog box ที่มีปุ่มคำสั่ง Yes No และ Cancel ปรากฎด้วย โดยสร้างจาก method ชื่อ showConfirmDialog() • showConfirmDialog() จะ return ค่ากลับเป็น ตัวเลขจำนวนเต็ม (integer) โดยขึ้นกับปุ่มที่ผู้ใช้คลิก นั่นคือ ปุ่ม Yes จะมีค่าเท่ากับ 0 ปุ่ม No จะมีค่าเท่ากับ 1 และปุ่ม Cancel จะมีค่าเท่ากับ 2

  30. Arguments of showConfirmDialog() • ชื่อของ parent window • ข้อความที่ต้องการแสดงใน inputDialog • ชื่อหัวข้อ (title (option) • ค่าคงที่ของปุ่ม Yes No และ Cancel ที่ต้องการแสดง ซึ่งมี 2 แบบ คือ (option) • YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION • YES_NO_OPTION • ชนิดของ InputDialog ซึ่งจะถูกกำหนดโดยค่าคงที่ต่อไปนี้ (option) • ERROR_MESSAGE • INFORMATION_MESSAGE • PLAIN_MESSAGE • QUESTION_MESSAGE • WARNING_MESSAGE

  31. showConfirmDialog() int s = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, ”Are you ready to quit? "); int s = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog( null, "Are you ready to quit?", "Exit confirmation", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);

  32. ฝึกปฎิบัติตัวอย่าง Input1 ถึง Input14.java

  33. Class Input1 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class Input1 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: "); System.exit(0); } }

  34. Class Input2 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input2 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: ", "Data Input",JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } }

  35. Class Input3 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input3 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: ", "Data Input",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } }

  36. Class Input4 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input4 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: ", "Data Input",JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } }

  37. Class Input5 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input5 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: ", "Data Input",JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } }

  38. Class Input6 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input6 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: ", "Data Input",JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } }

  39. Class Input7 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input7 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: "); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Hello! "+data); System.exit(0); } }

  40. Class Input8 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input8 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: "); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,data, " Input Name : ",JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } }

  41. Class Input9 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input9 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: "); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Hello " + data, " Input Name : ",JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } }

  42. Class Input10 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input10 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: "); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Hello " + data); System.exit(0); } }

  43. Class Input11 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input11 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: "); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Hello " + data); int s = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"Are you ready to quit? "); System.exit(0); } }

  44. Class Input12 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input12 { public static void main(String[] args) { String data; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Enter Name: "); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Hello " + data); int s = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"Are you ready to quit? "); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"no select = " +s ); System.exit(0); } }

  45. Class Input13 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input13{ public static void main(String[] args) { float score; double d; int mid_score,final_score,total_score; char ch; String data, message; message = " "; mid_score = 30 ; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter final score: "); final_score = Integer.parseInt(data); total_score = mid_score+final_score; message = "Mid = " + mid_score +"Final = "+final_score+ " Total score = " + total_score; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, message); System.exit(0); } }

  46. Class Input14 import javax.swing.JOptionPane; class Input14{ public static void main(String[] args) { float salary,ot,debt,net; String data, message; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter Your Salary: "); salary = Float.parseFloat(data); data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter Your OT: "); ot = Float.parseFloat(data); data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter Your debt : "); debt = Float.parseFloat(data); net = salary+ot-debt; message = "salary = "+ salary + " ot = "+ ot + "debt = " + debt + " net = "+net ; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, message); System.exit(0); } }

  47. import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class FindAverage { public static void main ( String args[ ] ) { float x, y, average; String data, outText; data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter first value : "); x = Float.parseFloat(data); data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter second value : "); y = Float.parseFloat(data); average = (x + y) / 2.0f; outText = "Average number between " + x + " and " + y + " is " + average; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, outText); System.exit(0); } }

  48. In NetBean6.0

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