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Integumentary System

Explore the layers of the skin, glands, and other components of the integumentary system. Learn about the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fascia, sweat glands, oil glands, hair, and nails.

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Integumentary System

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  1. Integumentary System Introduction Layers of the Skin Glands of the Skin

  2. Integumentary System: Introduction • Q: What makes up the integumentary system? (Hint: The integumentary system is a barrier to our outside world.) • A: Skin, hair, glands, fingernails and toenails. • Q: Is the skin an organ? (why or why not?) • A: YES! The skin contains multiple types of tissue working together.

  3. Layers of the Skin! There are THREE main layers of skin Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous Fascia aka Hypodermis

  4. Layers of the Skin: Epidermis • Outermost layer of the skin. • Made of five to six smaller layers. • The two main layers of the epidermis • Stratum corneum: outermost layer where cells are constantly shed. • Stratum germinativum: provides cells to replace cells in stratum corneum • Contains no blood vessels or nerve cells.

  5. Layers of the Skin: Dermis • Also called the “true skin” • Has framework of elastic connective tissue. • Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, involuntary muscle, sweat and oil glands and hair follicles. • Did you know?....The top of the dermis is covered in ridges that fit with the ridges in the epidermis. The pattern of ridges is unique for each individual and is what is used for fingerprinting!

  6. Layers of the Skin: Subcutaneous Fascia aka Hypodermis • Innermost layer of skin • Made of elastic and fibrous connective tissue and adipose tissue • Connects the skin to underlying structures.

  7. Glands of the Skin • Sudoriferous glands: • Sweat glands • Coiled tubes that extend through dermis • Open on the surface of the skin at an opening called a pore. • Eliminate sweat or perspiration that contains water, salts, and some body wastes.

  8. Glands of the Skin • Sebaceous glands: • Oil glands • Usually open onto a hair follicle • Produce oil called sebum • Sebum prevents hair from becoming dry and brittle • Also has antibacterial and antifungal secretions so it helps prevent infections. • Did you know…Blackheads or pimples occur when sebaceous (oil) glands become plugged with dirt and oil!

  9. Other parts of the Integumentary System: Hair • Consists of a root that grows in a hollow tube called a follicle, and a hair shaft. • Helps protect the body. • Covers all body surfaces except for the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. • Did you know…. Alopecia (baldness) is a permanent loss of hair on the scalp. It is a genetic condition common in men but can also occur in women.

  10. Other parts of the Integumentary System: Nails • Protect the fingers and toes from injury. • Made of dead keratinized epidermal epithelial cells, which are packed closely together to form a thick dense surface. • Cells will regrow if lost. (If nailbed is not damaged.)

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