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The renaissance

The renaissance. Kristina Kenyon, Jessica Malatia, Lowie Rodriguez. 1500-1670. Historical Background. Preceding era: Medieval era (500-1500) Printing press invented World was expanding Most governments were monarchies Next era: Enlightenment. Great Chain of Being.

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The renaissance

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  1. The renaissance Kristina Kenyon, Jessica Malatia, Lowie Rodriguez 1500-1670

  2. Historical Background • Preceding era: Medieval era (500-1500) • Printing press invented • World was expanding • Most governments were monarchies • Next era: Enlightenment

  3. Great Chain of Being • Main idea: There is a universal hierarchy in the world that is meant to be followed. • Moral nature: Humans rank below angels, but above animals.

  4. Great Chain of Being Continued • “The beasts, the fishes, and the winged fowl, / Are their males’ subjects and at their controls. Man, more divine, the master of all these […] / Are master to their females and their Lords” (Shakespeare 2:1). • Luciana in The Comedy of Errors by William Shakespeare

  5. Humanism • Focus: Rebirth, possibilities, revival • People should be knowledgeable, well rounded, active in their community, and the best they can be.

  6. Humanism Continued • “The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, but in ourselves, that we are underlings” (Shakespeare 1:2). • Cassius in Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare

  7. Individual Achievement & Recognition • Enjoying life on Earth is more important than living in a way to ensure life after death. • 3 core values: virtue, fame, glory

  8. Individual Achievement & Recognition Continued • “Here a question arises: whether it is better to be loved than feared, or the reverse. The answer is, of course, that it would be best to be both loved and feared. But since the two rarely come together, anyone compelled to choose will find greater security in being feared than in being loved. . . . Love endures by a bond which men, being scoundrels, may break whenever it serves their advantage to do so; but fear is supported by the dread of pain, which is ever present” (Machiavelli) • From The Prince, 1532 by Niccoló Machiavelli

  9. “Saint Michael Overwhelming the Demon” - Raphael (1505) • Individual achievement & recognition: Shows the importance of fame and glory • Great Chain of Being: Angel is above the Demon • Opposite of sad themes of preceding Medieval era

  10. Focus on Credibility and Order • Remaining in position a person is placed in (age, social class, or job) is important. • Many previously worshiped texts from the Medieval era were proved to be less factual than people once thought • Donation of Constantine • Bridge to the Enlightenment era

  11. Focus on Credibility and Order Continued • “For kings are clouts that every man shoots at, Our crown the pin that thousands seek to cleave, Therefore in policy I think it good To hid it close; a godly stratagem, And far from any man that is a fool: So shall it not I be known; or of I be, They cannot take away my crown from me” (Marlowe, Lines 8-14). • From “Accurs’d Be He That First Invented War” by Christopher Marlowe

  12. Imitation of Antiquity & Ideals of the Past • Used old literature, especially from the Greeks, to model new literature and ideas • Literature modeled everyday life

  13. Imitation of Antiquity & Ideals of the Past Continued • “In Belmont is a lady richly left […] Her name is Portia, nothing undervalued / To Cato’s daughter, Brutus’ Portia. / Nor is the wide world ignorant of her worth […] and her sunny locks / Hang on her temples like a golden fleece, […] And many Jasons come in quest of her” (Shapeskeare 1:2.168-179). • Bassaino from The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare • Allusion to Julius Caesar and the Greek story of Jason and the Argonauts

  14. Expansion of the World & Appeal to Larger Audiences • World exploration happened during the Renaissance • Printing press invented • Writers recognized the rest of the world

  15. Expansion of the World & Appeal to Larger Audiences Continued • “A workman that hath copies by, can lay An Europe, Afric, and an Asia, And quickly make that, which was nothing, all; So doth each tear Which thee doth wear,A globe, yea world, by that impression grow,Till thy tears mix'd with mine do overflowThis world; by waters sent from thee, my heaven dissolved so” (Donne, Lines 11-18). • From “A Valediction of Weeping” by John Donne

  16. “The Triumph of Galatea” - Raphael (1514) • Great Chain of Being: Clearly shows the cherubic angels above the quarreling beings on Earth • Imitation of Antiquity and Ideas of the Past: Based on the Greek myth of Galatea

  17. Works Cited Donne, John. “A Valediction of Weeping.” Poetry Foundation. Poetry Foundation. n.d. Web. 10 November 2013. Gower, George. Elizabeth I of England, the Armada Portrait. 1588. Oil on panel. National Portrait Gallery, London. Machiavelli, Niccoló, and George Bull. The Prince. Harmondsworth, Eng.: Penguin, 1961. Print. Marlowe, Christopher. “Accurs’d Be He That First Invented War.” Poem Hunter. Poem Hunter. n.d. Web. 10 November 2013. Portrait of Shakespeare. Digital image. The British Museum. The British Museum, n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2013. Raphael. Saint Michael Overwhelming the Demon. 1505. Oil on wood. Louvre Museum, Paris. Raphael. The Triumph of Galatea. 1514. Oil on wood. Louvre Museum, Paris. Shakespeare, William, and Lawrence Mason. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. New Haven: Yale UP, 1919. Print. Shakespeare, William, and Robert Dudley French. The Comedy of Errors. New Haven: Yale UP, 1926. Print.

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