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Logical Fallacies

In the realm of critical thinking, recognizing logical fallacies is crucial. This guide presents key examples of various fallacies, including Red Herring, Begging the Question, Hasty Generalization, and Post Hoc reasoning. Each example highlights flawed arguments seen in everyday discussions, inviting readers to sharpen their analytical skills. For instance, consider how spending thousands rescuing whales ignores broader societal issues. Explore these fallacies and enhance your ability to think critically and spot weaknesses in arguments.

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Logical Fallacies

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  1. OPABS Reading term 4 Logical Fallacies

  2. Can you name this fallacy? • It is ridiculous to have spent thousands of dollars to rescue those two whales trapped in the Arctic ice. Why look at all the people trapped in jobs they don’t like. • RED HERRING

  3. Can you name this fallacy? 2) Plagiarism is deceitful because it is dishonest. BEGGING THE QUESTION

  4. Can you name this fallacy? 3) Water fluoridation affects the brain. Citywide, student’s test scores began to drop five months after fluoridation began. POST HOC (false cause)

  5. Can you name this fallacy? 4) I know three redheads who have terrible tempers, and since Annabel has red hair, I’ll bet she has a terrible temper too. HASTY GENERALIZATION

  6. Can you name this fallacy? 5) Supreme Court Justice Byron White was an All-American football player while in college, so how can you say that athletes are dumb? HASTY GENERALIZATION

  7. Can you name this fallacy? 6) Why should we put people on trial when we know they are guilty? BEGGING THE QUESTION

  8. Can you name this fallacy? 8) The meteorologist predicted the wrong amount of rain for May. Obviously the meteorologist is unreliable. HASTY GENERALIZATION

  9. Can you name this fallacy? 9) You know Jane Fonda’s exercise videos must be worth the money. Look at the great shape she’s in. POST HOC (false cause)

  10. Can you name this fallacy? 10) We have to stop the tuition increase! The next thing you know, they'll be charging $40,000 a semester! SLIPPERY SLOPE

  11. Can you name this fallacy? 11) The book Investing for Dummies really helped me understand my finances better. The book Chess for Dummies was written by the same author, was published by the same press, and costs about the same amount, so it would probably help me understand my finances as well. FALSE ANALOGY

  12. Can you name this fallacy? • President Obama is a good communicator because he speaks effectively. • BEGGING THE QUESTION • Or CIRCULAR REASONING

  13. Can you name this fallacy?

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