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Blood and Body Defenses

Learn about the functions of blood, types of blood cells, leukocytes and their functions, cell imbalances in diseases like anemia, sickle cell anemia, leukemia, hemophilia, and AIDS. Discover innate defense mechanisms like skin barriers, mucous membranes, and adaptive defenses involving lymphocytes. Explore the lymphatic system's organs and vessels that fight diseases effectively.

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Blood and Body Defenses

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  1. Blood and Body Defenses Summary of Important Points

  2. What are the functions of Blood?

  3. What are the 3 Types of Blood Cells and their Functions?

  4. What are the Types of Leukocytes and each of their Functions?

  5. What Type of Blood Cell Imbalance is Involved with Each of these Diseases? • Anemia • Sickle Cell Anemia • Leukemia • Hemophelia • AIDS

  6. Innate Defenses • Work to keep you healthy by defending against invaders such as bacteria and viruses • First Line Defenses include barriers such as: • Skin • Mucous Membranes • Wax • Blood –brain barrier • Hairs inside nose • Cilia – tiny hairs that line trachea

  7. Innate Defenses Second Line of Defense gets to work when microorganisms slip through First Line of Defense. These are other types of defenses which are ready to destroy bacteria and viruses: -Lysozyme (in saliva and tears) -Acids (in stomach, vagina, urine, skin) -Proteases (in digestive system) -Interferon (produced by virus infected cells to stop virus from infecting other cells) -Complement (in blood and most tissues) -Phagocytes (special leukocytes that wander through body and bloodstream) -Inflammation (occurs when have a wound to speed up healing) -Fever (speeds up disease fighting process)

  8. Adaptive Defenses Work in response to situation when microorganism has escaped first 2 lines of defense. They work against specific microorganisms. For example, adaptive defenses against measles will not work against pneumonia. Lymphocytes are involved in adaptive defenses: B cells – recognize one particular organism and create antibodies when identify specific pathogen HelperT cells – help B cell by giving second opinion in recognizing microorganism as dangerous Cytotoxic T cells – recognize and kill a cell infected with particular virus

  9. Lymphatic System • Made up of several organs and lymphatic vessels that fight disease • Lymph nodes • Spleen • Tonsils • Thymus

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