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After the Civil War

After the Civil War, the United States faced significant challenges during the Reconstruction era. President Lincoln's assassination led to Andrew Johnson's presidency, intensifying the struggle to reunify a divided nation. The South, devastated by war, required extensive rebuilding, while the status of freed slaves posed critical questions about rights and integration. As the North emerged victorious, the country grappled with the complexities of healing and renewal. This period marked a transformative time for both the South and the nation as a whole.

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After the Civil War

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  1. After the Civil War

    Reconstruction
  2. What Problems did the Country have after the War? President Lincoln was killed and Andrew Johnson takes over North wins but South needs to be rebuilt What do you do with the freed slaves?
  3. Reconstruction Time to rebuild the South after the war Slaves free but South passes Black Codes Slaves contracted to work the land Limits rights of freed slaves
  4. Reconstruction Ku Klux Klan (KKK): white supremacist hate group (1866) Civil Rights Act of 1866: African Americans become citizens and have equal rights as citizens
  5. After the Civil War 13th Amendment: ended slavery 1865 after the Civil War 40 Acres & a mule: Sherman orders land in GA & SC to be given to former slaves but Pres. Johnson vetoed it Freedman’s Bureau: established by Lincoln to aide freed slaves (Bill later vetoed by Johnson)
  6. Protecting Rights 14th Amendment: granted due process rights to all citizens Equal Protection Clause: laws can not discriminate against people
  7. Segregation Segregation: separate by race, religion, gender, nationality, etc De jure Segregation: by law De facto Segregation: not by law but usually economic Jim Crows Laws: 1876-1965 De jure segregation varied throughout the country
  8. Plessy V. Fergusen Case heard in 1896 by Supreme Court Plessy was a light skinned black man who sat in a white train car in Louisiana Arrested when refused to move. Judge Fergusen sentences him Plessy argues 13th and 14th Amendments give him equal rights Supreme Court rules “separate but equal”
  9. Brown V. Board of Education 1954 Topeka, Kansas 7 yr old Linda Brown lives closer to a white school but must go to the black school Parents said violated equal protection Court ruled separate but equal unconstitutional Schools desegregated
  10. Thurgood Marshall Howard University Law School 1933 Chief Counsel NAACP (National Advancement of Colored People) Lawyer Brown Family Brown vs. Board Education 1967 LBJ appointed him 1st African American Supreme Court Justice Died 1993
  11. 15th Amendment Suffrage: right to vote 15th Amendment: can not discriminate against race when voting 1898
  12. How Were African American Men Prevented from Voting? Poll Tax: Charged a tax to vote Literacy Test: had to pass a test Registering to vote was hard Grandfather clause: if your grandfather could vote you had the right to vote. Helped whites who could not pass the test or afford the tax.
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