Workshop on Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management of Fruit Flies in South and Southeast countries AIT, Bangkok,Thailand,1

1. Workshop on Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management of Fruit Flies in South and Southeast countriesAIT, Bangkok,Thailand,1-3 Sept 2010 By TiangkhamVongsabouth, Acting National IPM coordinator ThongsavanhTaipangnavong, FAO-IPM Programme

2. INTRODUCTION The Lao PDR is bordered by the People Republic of China to the north, the Union of Myanmar to the North west, the Kingdom of Thailand to the west, the south with the Kingdom of the Cambodia, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam to the East. - Lao PRD has a total land areas of 236.800 Km2 - population more than 6,3 million people - average density of 22 persons per square kilometer - 47 ethnic groups plus other in Lao PDR. - the population is growing at about 2.6% per year. - The entire country is divided in 18 provinces. Agriculture is the main economic sector in Lao PDR accounting for 51% of the total GDP and employing 86% of the labor force (Source:state planning committee).

3. Fruit and vegetable Production In Lao P.D.R • Fruit and production in Lao PDR is grown as home garden. The most importance fruit are Orange, Pomelo, Banana and Asian pear, mango, jack fruit, longan, papaya, jujube, banana, custard apple, sapodilla, watermelon, pineapple, maize, cassava, sugarcane , coffee and leafy vegetable.

4. Fruit tree and vegetable production

5. Planted area for vegetable and fruit tree

6. Yield of vegetable, fruit tree…

7. Production (t )

8. RICE PRODUCTS (1976 - 2007)

9. COFFEE PRODUCTS (1980 – 2007)

10. MAIZE PRODUCTS (1976-2007)

11. Export value by type of goods 2008-2009

12. Export commodities year 2009

13. Local market

14. Fruit in local market

15. Jujube damaged by fruit fly

16. Jujube damaged by fruit fly

17. Bitter gourd damaged by fruit fly • Damage and characteristics - Necrosis around the puncture mark is visible on the fruit. - Feeding by the larvae causes yellowing and rotting of the fruit.

18. Fruit fly in Laos The Fruit fly is the most important insect pest of fruit and vegetable production especially for mango, Guava, Jujube,cucumber,water melon, cantaloupe, bitter gourd etc…Fruit fly is outbreak every year and causing yield loss.Up to present, there is no information on yield loss do to fruit fly damage.

19. Identification by entomology unit of Plant Protection Center. Detection of fruit fly by trapping

20. Host Plant - Mango (Mangiferaindica) - Guava (Ziziphusmauritiana) - Litchi (Litchi chinensis)

21. Main activities are: - Set up Trapping - Collection of fruit Flies - Identification of Fruit fly by DORSALIS LUCID Program - Specimen collection - Conservation of specimens

22. Set up Trapping: In one location,2 different kind of trap were set up: 1.Cue-lure 2. Methyl Eugenol

23. Fruit fly Collection : - Collection of fruit flies once a week - Changing the lure wick every 2 moth per time months - Record population of fruit fly

24. Specimen collection : After collection of samples, specimens were prepared .

25. Identification of Fruit fly by DORSALIS LUCID Program: After collection of fruit fly and specimens prepared, fruit fly species were identified by DORSALIS LUCID Program.

26. Conservation of Specimens : Specimens were kept: - in specimen postal box. - in cardboard collection box - in bottle M.E Cue.

27. Species of fruit fly identified: • Bactroceracucubitae • Bactroceracorrecta • Bactroceracaramboras • Bactrocerascutellaris • Bactroceraverbascifoliae • Bactroceracaudta • Bactrocera tau • Bactroceraapicalis

28. Species of fruit fly identified (continue) 9. Bactroceraalbistrigata 10. Bactroceranigrotibialis 11. Bactroceracilifera 12. Dacusdorsalis 13. Dacuslongicinos

29. Fruit fly management • Sanitation is the first measure of defense, remove damaged fruits and destroy it during harvesting. • Wrapping of the fruit with newspaper or with plastic bag. • Pesticides use

30. Thank you for Your attention !