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Phylum Sipuncula

Discover the defining characteristics, feeding habits, anatomy, reproduction, and local species of Peanut Worms in the Phylum Sipuncula. These marine creatures feature unique body plans and interesting life cycles. Explore more about their circulatory system and habitat preferences.

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Phylum Sipuncula

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  1. Phylum Sipuncula Peanut Worms Phylum Sipuncula

  2. Eversible proboscis Peanut Worms • Defining Characteristics • Anterior part of the body forms an eversible and fully retractable proboscis with a mouth at the end • Multicellular bodies (urns) in the coelomic fluid Phylum Sipuncula

  3. Sipunculan Body Plan Phylum Sipuncula

  4. Peanut Worm Feeding • Mucus covered tentacles trap organic material from the surrounding water or sediment • During burrow formation sediment may be ingested directly • Mouth and anus are both located anteriorly resulting in a U shaped gut Phylum Sipuncula

  5. Sipunculan Anatomy

  6. Circulatory System • Unlike the annelids sipunculans lack a circulatory system with a heart and blood vessels • Excretion occurs via urns • Cells that float in the coelom collecting waste products bringing them to nephridia Phylum Sipuncula

  7. Reproduction • Sexes are separate and fertilization occurs in the sea • Trochophore larvae forms resembling Annelida and Mollusca larvae • Some species have a trochophore that further develops into a pelagosphera Phylum Sipuncula

  8. Local Species • Hermit Sipunculan (Phascolion strombus) • Lives in the shells of gastropods • Rock-Boring Sipunculan (Themiste alutacea) • Associated with calcareous surfaces (coral and limestone) • Burrowing Sipunculan (Sipunculus nudus) • Burrows in fine and coarse sands Phylum Sipuncula

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